對抗菌素有抗藥性的細(xì)菌菌種的出現(xiàn)，是臨床環(huán)境中一個(gè)越來越大的威脅,，但人們對它們出現(xiàn)的過程卻不是很了解,。利用暴露于濃度不斷增大的氟喹諾酮抗菌藥“諾氟沙星”的一個(gè)大腸桿菌連續(xù)培養(yǎng)物所做實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,，少數(shù)自然出現(xiàn)的抗藥變體能保護(hù)其種群的絕大部分,。這些具有高度抗藥性的分離菌種產(chǎn)生信號作用分子“吲哚”，它能激發(fā)易感皮膚中的藥物外排泵和其他保護(hù)機(jī)制,。
“超級細(xì)菌”基因強(qiáng)悍難治但易防
新型超級細(xì)菌抗藥性極強(qiáng)可能全球蔓延
上海藥物研究所啟動(dòng)抗“超級細(xì)菌”藥物研究
超級細(xì)菌遭熱炒國內(nèi)藥企澄清無解藥
超級細(xì)菌或激活醫(yī)療產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈
超級細(xì)菌為“耐藥基因” 人類抗生素時(shí)代終結(jié),？
這種利他行為使較弱的成分能夠存活，并有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行有益的突變,。對細(xì)菌的細(xì)胞內(nèi)通信的使用情況進(jìn)行更多研究,，對于用以控制抗藥性細(xì)菌感染的臨床干預(yù)手段的合理設(shè)計(jì)可能會(huì)被證明是有價(jià)值的,。本期封面上的“紅十字”圖是用數(shù)字化手段從大腸桿菌種群的圖像生成的。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦英文摘要：
Nature doi:10.1038/nature09354
Bacterial charity work leads to population-wide resistance
Henry H. Lee ,，Michael N. Molla,，Charles R. Cantor，James J. Collins
Bacteria show remarkable adaptability in the face of antibiotic therapeutics. Resistance alleles in drug target-specific sites and general stress responses have been identified in individual end-point isolates1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Less is known, however, about the population dynamics during the development of antibiotic-resistant strains. Here we follow a continuous culture of Escherichia coli facing increasing levels of antibiotic and show that the vast majority of isolates are less resistant than the population as a whole. We find that the few highly resistant mutants improve the survival of the population’s less resistant constituents, in part by producing indole, a signalling molecule generated by actively growing, unstressed cells8. We show, through transcriptional profiling, that indole serves to turn on drug efflux pumps and oxidative-stress protective mechanisms. The indole production comes at a fitness cost to the highly resistant isolates, and whole-genome sequencing reveals that this bacterial altruism is made possible by drug-resistance mutations unrelated to indole production. This work establishes a population-based resistance mechanism constituting a form of kin selection9 whereby a small number of resistant mutants can, at some cost to themselves, provide protection to other, more vulnerable, cells, enhancing the survival capacity of the overall population in stressful environments.
