英國真菌學(xué)會6月21日在其期刊《真菌生物學(xué)》上發(fā)表研究報告,，稱研究者在洗碗機內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)了先前不太熟悉的兩種真菌。這兩種真菌在自然界十分少見,，它們獨愛洗碗機內(nèi)那種潮濕高溫環(huán)境,，而且不懼消毒劑。
研究者在全球六大洲101座城市189個家庭中的洗碗機內(nèi)取樣化驗,，結(jié)果均發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種名為“皮炎外瓶霉”的黑色素酵母菌和名為“Exophiala Phaeomuriformis”的真菌,。
其中，65%的家用洗碗機出現(xiàn)這兩種真菌的位置是洗碗機門的吸力膠條處,。
研究報告說,，這兩種真菌“可對人體構(gòu)成患病風(fēng)險，可寄生在患者肺部,，致使肺泡纖維化”,。
這兩種真菌在自然界中不多見,。研究者認為，洗碗機內(nèi)潮濕高溫的獨特小環(huán)境是它們普遍存在于洗碗機內(nèi)的重要原因,。報告說,，家用洗碗機消毒劑對它們不產(chǎn)生殺滅效用，而且,，它們在鹽水,、酸性液體、堿性液體環(huán)境中均可繁殖,。
報告指出：“兩種真菌的長期共存可能引發(fā)真菌間基因重組,，從而生成新基因類型的未知真菌。”（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Fungal Biology DOI： 10.1016/j.funbio.2011.04.007
Dishwashers – A man-made ecological niche accommodating human opportunistic fungal pathogens
P. Zalar, M. Novak, G.S. de Hoog and N. Gunde-Cimerman
Habitats in human households may accommodate microorganisms outside the common spectrum of ubiquitous saprobes. Enrichment of fungi that may require specific environmental conditions was observed in dishwashers, 189 of which were sampled in private homes of 101 towns or communities. One-hundred-two were sampled from various localities in Slovenia; 42 from other European countries; 13 and 3 from North and South America, respectively; 5 from Israel; 10 from South Africa; 7 from Far East Asia; and 7 from Australia. Isolation was performed on samples incubated at 37 °C. Species belonging to genera Aspergillus, Candida, Magnusiomyces, Fusarium, Penicillium and Rhodotorula were found occasionally, while the black yeasts Exophiala dermatitidis and Exophiala phaeomuriformis (Chaetothyriales) were persistently and most frequently isolated. Sixty-two percent of the dishwashers were positive for fungi, and 56 % of these accommodated Exophiala. Both Exophiala species are known to be able to cause systemic disease in humans and frequently colonize the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. We conclude that high temperature, high moisture and alkaline pH values typically occurring in dishwashers can provide an alternative habitat for species also known to be pathogenic to humans.
