你是否相當注意可還是無法避免患上流感,,而你的一些朋友或同事卻似乎從不得這種???研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),,是否容易得流感,關鍵是人體免疫系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生何種反應,,這種反應與基因有關,。
研究人員找來17名身體健康的英國志愿者,給他們注射流感病毒,,然后監(jiān)測他們接下來5天的身體狀況,。
17個人中,9人患上流感,,其余8人則完全沒有出現(xiàn)流感癥狀,。監(jiān)測過程中,利用衛(wèi)星成像技術,,研究人員每8小時檢測一次志愿者血液樣本中的基因,。
結(jié)果顯示,那些染上流感的人,,在流感癥狀顯現(xiàn)的36小時之前,,他們的某些特定基因就出現(xiàn)了急性炎癥。病情越嚴重,,這種所謂“基因信號”就體現(xiàn)得越明顯,。
未染上流感志愿者的血液檢測結(jié)果則顯示,他們可以激活一種完全不同的基因信號,。
研究人員把這一基因信號稱為“抗壓力反應”,,表示人體正積極與病毒作斗爭。研究人員認為,,這種基因表達反映出人體免疫系統(tǒng)如何對抗病毒,,使人避免染上疾病,。
美國密歇根大學工程學院的艾爾弗雷德·海羅教授領導這項研究。他說:“我們研究了267份血液樣本中超過2.2萬個基因,。沒有哪項關于人體免疫反應的研究具有如此大的規(guī)模,。我們可以藉此梳理出讓人體對患病具有更強抵抗力的生物條件。”
研究人員在最新一期《科學公共圖書館—遺傳學》發(fā)表報告說,,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為醫(yī)生盡早檢測到流感病毒,、在病情惡化前采取有效措施提供了可能,。
參與研究的英國帝國理工學院呼吸道感染中心彼得·奧彭肖教授說:“這項研究非常重要……不僅對于流感,,它對許多其他傳染性疾病都具有重要意義。它不僅可預防流感大暴發(fā),,還能幫助我們在極早階段發(fā)現(xiàn)例如埃博拉病毒引起的致命感染,。”
海羅說,現(xiàn)階段尚不清楚基因如何影響人體對流感病毒或其他病毒的敏感性,,以激發(fā)免疫抵抗,。
下一步,研究人員計劃用不同種類的流感病毒乃至普通感冒病毒等其他病毒開展實驗,,以觀察人體免疫反應,。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002234
PMC:
PMID:
Temporal Dynamics of Host Molecular Responses Differentiate Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Influenza A Infection
Yongsheng Huang, Aimee K. Zaas, Arvind Rao, Nicolas Dobigeon, Peter J. Woolf, Timothy Veldman, N. Christine ien, Micah T. McClain, Jay . Varkey, Bradley Nicholson, Lawrence Carin, Stephen Kingsmore, Christopher W. Woods, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, Alfred . Hero III
Exposure to influenza viruses is necessary, but not sufficient, for healthy human hosts to develop symptomatic illness. The host response is an important determinant of disease progression. In order to delineate host molecular responses that differentiate symptomatic and asymptomatic Influenza A infection, we inoculated 17 healthy adults with live influenza (H3N2/Wisconsin) and examined changes in host peripheral blood gene expression at 16 timepoints over 132 hours. Here we present distinct transcriptional dynamics of host responses unique to asymptomatic and symptomatic infections. We show that symptomatic hosts invoke, simultaneously, multiple pattern recognition receptors-mediated antiviral and inflammatory responses that may relate to virus-induced oxidative stress. In contrast, asymptomatic subjects tightly regulate these responses and exhibit elevated expression of genes that function in antioxidant responses and cell-mediated responses. We reveal an ab initio molecular signature that strongly correlates to symptomatic clinical disease and biomarkers whose expression patterns best discriminate early from late phases of infection. Our results establish a temporal pattern of host molecular responses that differentiates symptomatic from asymptomatic infections and reveals an asymptomatic host-unique non-passive response signature, suggesting novel putative molecular targets for both prognostic assessment and ameliorative therapeutic intervention in seasonal and pandemic influenza.