研究人員已經(jīng)找到了假鼻疽伯克霍爾德菌在引起假鼻疽?。ɑ蚍Q“越南定時炸彈”）時使用的一種致命武器,。
假鼻疽伯克霍爾德菌通常被人發(fā)現(xiàn)于東南亞和澳大利亞的北方，它們在那里生活在不流動的水中或是在稻田內(nèi),。 它對許多抗菌素有抵抗力,；它之所以獲得其綽號是因?yàn)樗阎獣谄渌拗鳎ㄋ麄冎性S多人是越戰(zhàn)退伍軍人）體內(nèi)潛伏幾十年后才首次出現(xiàn)其假鼻疽病癥狀,。
新的研究顯示,，這種細(xì)菌會用一種毒性蛋白（這種毒性蛋白看來類似于大腸桿菌所用的一種毒性蛋白）來感染多種多樣的組織,，引起亞臨床感染、敗血癥及慢性疾病,。 Abimael Cruz及其同事對該細(xì)菌的蛋白之一進(jìn)行了研究,，這種蛋白叫做BPSL1549,。
結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，它對真核細(xì)胞有毒——當(dāng)將其給予小鼠時甚至?xí)钚∈笏劳觥?/p>
研究人員提出,，這是因?yàn)锽PSL1549會干擾一種叫做elF4A的重要蛋白,，這種蛋白在正常情況下會啟動宿主中的蛋白質(zhì)翻譯過程。 由于它與大腸桿菌細(xì)胞毒性壞死因子-1有共同的特征,，因此Cruz及其同事提議將BPSL1549命名為伯克霍爾德菌致死因子-1,。
他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)揭示了假鼻疽伯克霍爾德菌是如何造成其損害的，但Cruz及其同事說,，這種細(xì)胞毒性武器可能比科學(xué)家們曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為的要更常見于病原菌中,。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1126/science.1211915
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PMID:
A Burkholderia pseudomallei Toxin Inhibits Helicase Activity of Translation Factor eIF4A
Abimael Cruz-Migoni, Guillaume M. Hautbergue, Peter J. Artymiuk, Patrick J. Baker, Monika Bokori-Brown, Chung-Te Chang, Mark J. Dickman, Angela Essex-Lopresti, Sarah V. Harding, Nor Muhammad Mahadi, Laura E. Marshall, George W. Mobbs, Rahmah Mohamed, Sheila Nathan, Sarah A. Ngugi, Catherine Ong, Wen Fong Ooi, Lynda J. Partridge1, Helen L. Phillips, M. Firdaus Raih, Sergei Ruzheinikov1, Mitali Sarkar-Tyson, Svetlana E. Sedelnikova, Sophie J. Smither, Patrick Tan, Richard W. Titball, Stuart A. Wilson, David W. Rice
Many persistent pain states (pain lasting for hours, days, or longer) are poorly treated because of the limitations of existing therapies. Analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids often provide incomplete pain relief and prolonged use results in the development of severe side effects. Identification of the key mediators of various types of pain could improve such therapies. Here, we tested the hypothesis that hitherto unrecognized cytokines and chemokines might act as mediators in inflammatory pain. We used ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation to induce persistent, abnormal sensitivity to pain in humans and rats. The expression of more than 90 different inflammatory mediators was measured in treated skin at the peak of UVB-induced hypersensitivity with custom-made
