刊登在國(guó)際雜志Science上的一項(xiàng)研究中,，研究人員在報(bào)告說(shuō)，用于禽類疫苗中的多個(gè)修改過(guò)的皰疹病毒株混合了它們的基因組,，產(chǎn)生出了一種新的強(qiáng)毒力株,，該強(qiáng)毒力株導(dǎo)致澳大利亞大量雞只的死亡。
這些發(fā)現(xiàn)主要對(duì)獸醫(yī)學(xué)及未來(lái)動(dòng)物疫苗的研發(fā)以避免類似情況的出現(xiàn)有重要影響,?；畹?ldquo;減毒”皰疹病毒疫苗所用的是一種經(jīng)過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)的毒性較弱但仍然能夠復(fù)制的皰疹病毒；這類疫苗被廣泛用于人類醫(yī)學(xué)和獸醫(yī)學(xué)中,。據(jù)Sang-Won Lee及其同事披露,，研究人員曾經(jīng)對(duì)某種活的減毒疫苗可能會(huì)與其它病毒株重組而產(chǎn)生一種新的、強(qiáng)毒力株表示關(guān)切,，但由皰疹病毒疫苗重組引起疾病的爆發(fā)還從來(lái)沒(méi)有被報(bào)道過(guò),。
兩種新的、基因型不同的皰疹病毒,，即傳染性喉氣管炎病毒或ILTV最近在澳大利亞的家禽業(yè)中出現(xiàn),，并造成高達(dá)17.6%的死亡率。在澳大利亞可以得到3種不同的活的減毒ILTV疫苗,，其中一種帶有一個(gè)來(lái)自歐洲的病毒株,，2個(gè)帶有澳大利亞的病毒株。Lee及其同事對(duì)該新病毒的基因組進(jìn)行了測(cè)序并將其與這3種疫苗株進(jìn)行了比較,。其結(jié)果與疫苗病毒株的重組產(chǎn)生了2種新的強(qiáng)毒力株的可能性是一致的,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1126/science.1217134
PMC:
PMID:
Attenuated Vaccines Can Recombine to Form Virulent Field Viruses
Sang-Won Lee1, Philip F. Markham1, Mauricio J. C. Coppo1, Alistair R. Legione1, John F. Markham3, Amir H. Noormohammadi2, Glenn F. Browning1, Nino Ficorilli1, Carol A. Hartley1, Joanne M. Devlin1,*
Recombination between herpesviruses has been seen in vitro and in vivo under experimental conditions. This has raised safety concerns about using attenuated herpesvirus vaccines in human and veterinary medicine and adds to other known concerns associated with their use, including reversion to virulence and disease arising from recurrent reactivation of lifelong chronic infection. We used high-throughput sequencing to investigate relationships between emergent field strains and vaccine strains of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV, gallid herpesvirus 1). We show that independent recombination events between distinct attenuated vaccine strains resulted in virulent recombinant viruses that became the dominant strains responsible for widespread disease in Australian commercial poultry flocks. These findings highlight the risks of using multiple different attenuated herpesvirus vaccines, or vectors, in the same populations.
