日本研究人員利用質(zhì)粒代替病毒載體運送基因,，成功用實驗鼠體細胞培育出誘導多能干細胞（iPS細胞）,?？茖W家說,，這項研究成果將有助于這種“萬能細胞”技術(shù)的普及。
日本京都大學和科學技術(shù)振興機構(gòu)10日發(fā)布聯(lián)合新聞公報說,，以前培育iPS細胞時,，需要依靠逆轉(zhuǎn)
錄酶病毒或慢病毒將Oct3／4、Sox2,、Klf4和c－Myc這4個基因?qū)塍w細胞,，而使用病毒載體有可能引發(fā)腫瘤形成。此外,，每次實驗前都要制作新的病毒載體,，對操作過程和實驗室的管理要求很嚴格，這都阻礙著iPS細胞技術(shù)的普及,。
京都大學山中伸彌教授的研究小組在實驗中使用了兩個質(zhì)粒,，一個質(zhì)粒運載“c－Myc”基因，另一個質(zhì)粒運載Oct3／4,、Klf4和Sox2基因,，然后把兩個質(zhì)粒同時導入實驗鼠胚胎成纖維細胞，成功培育出了iPS細胞,。
進一步的實驗證實,，用這種方法培養(yǎng)的iPS細胞與以往的iPS細胞一樣能分化生成表皮、橫紋肌和神經(jīng)組織等多種細胞,，但轉(zhuǎn)化效率比用逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶病毒為載體要低一些,。
研究人員說，下一步的目標是提高轉(zhuǎn)化效率,，并嘗試用新方法把成體鼠和人類的體細胞培育成iPS細胞,。
iPS細胞,、胚胎干細胞和成體干細胞因為能分化成多種器官和組織細胞，被稱為“萬能細胞”,。不少研究人員認為,，iPS細胞不涉及倫理問題，在再生醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域具有更廣闊的應用前景,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Science,，DOI: 10.1126/science.1164270，Keisuke Okita,，Shinya Yamanaka
Generation of Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Without Viral Vectors
Keisuke Okita 1, Masato Nakagawa 2, Hong Hyenjong 3, Tomoko Ichisaka 4, Shinya Yamanaka 5
1 Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
2 Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.; Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
3 Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
4 Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.; CREST and Yamanaka iPS Cell Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan.
5 Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.; Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.; CREST and Yamanaka iPS Cell Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan.; Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been generated from mouse and human somatic cells by introducing Oct3/4, and Sox2 with either Klf4 and c-Myc or Nanog and Lin28 using retroviruses or lentiviruses. Patient-specific iPS cells could be useful in drug discovery and regenerative medicine. However, viral integration into the host genome increases the risk of tumorigenicity. Here we report the generation of mouse iPS cells without viral vectors. Repeated transfection of a single plasmid containing the cDNAs of Oct3/4, Sox2, and Klf4, together with a c-Myc expression plasmid, into mouse embryonic fibroblasts resulted in iPS cells without evidence of plasmid integration, which produced teratomas when transplanted into mice and contributed to adult chimeras. The production of virus-free iPS cells, albeit from embryonic fibroblasts, addresses a critical safety concern for potential use of iPS cells in regenerative medicine.
