4月12日，國(guó)際著名期刊Nature Cell Biology（《自然-細(xì)胞生物學(xué)》）網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上公布了上海交通大學(xué)生命科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院吳際教授研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的一項(xiàng)新的研究成果。
傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為,，女性和絕大多數(shù)雌性哺乳動(dòng)物卵母細(xì)胞的產(chǎn)生僅發(fā)生在胎兒期,，出生后卵母細(xì)胞數(shù)目不再增加,，反而逐年減少, 這意味著出生后卵巢無(wú)生殖干細(xì)胞存在,。
該研究經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的探索,，首次在出生后的小鼠（包括成年和出生后五天的小鼠）卵巢中發(fā)現(xiàn)了生殖干細(xì)胞,。同時(shí),，嘗試了各種方法，進(jìn)一步分離出該生殖干細(xì)胞,，摸索出適合其生長(zhǎng)的培養(yǎng)條件,，得到了能長(zhǎng)期自我更新的生殖干細(xì)胞株。接著,，運(yùn)用一系列生化,、細(xì)胞、遺傳和分子生物學(xué)手段,，鑒定了該生殖干細(xì)胞株,。最后，將該生殖干細(xì)胞移植于經(jīng)藥物處理的不孕成年小鼠體內(nèi),，能產(chǎn)生新的卵母細(xì)胞,，并發(fā)育至成熟，與雄性交配后能生出正常后代,。
這一驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)改變了人們的傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn),，向教科書(shū)發(fā)起了挑戰(zhàn)，開(kāi)辟出一個(gè)嶄新研究領(lǐng)域,。該研究成果能為動(dòng)物生物技術(shù)和人類(lèi)提供卵母細(xì)胞新來(lái)源,，建立性細(xì)胞途徑轉(zhuǎn)基因動(dòng)物和開(kāi)發(fā)優(yōu)良動(dòng)物品種,，對(duì)治療卵巢功能早衰,，不育癥等雌性生殖細(xì)胞發(fā)生障礙性疾病，再生醫(yī)學(xué)及抗衰老,，避孕藥的開(kāi)發(fā),，人口調(diào)控，探索環(huán)境因素對(duì)生殖發(fā)育的影響，瀕危動(dòng)物的保存,，動(dòng)物繁殖等都具有重要意義,。
該研究成果是由吳際教授指導(dǎo)的6名博士研究生，5名碩士研究生協(xié)同攻關(guān),，共同完成的,。該研究得到了國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金和浦江人才基金等基金的資助。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Nature Cell Biology 12 April 2009 | doi:10.1038/ncb1869
Production of offspring from a germline stem cell line derived from neonatal ovaries
Kang Zou1, Zhe Yuan1, Zhaojuan Yang1, Huacheng Luo1, Kejing Sun1, Li Zhou1, Jie Xiang1, Lingjun Shi1, Qingsheng Yu1, Yong Zhang1, Ruoyu Hou1 & Ji Wu1
The idea that females of most mammalian species have lost the capacity for oocyte production at birth1, 2, 3, 4, 5 has been challenged recently by the finding that juvenile and adult mouse ovaries possess mitotically active germ cells6. However, the existence of female germline stem cells (FGSCs) in postnatal mammalian ovaries still remains a controversial issue among reproductive biologists and stem cell researchers6, 7, 8, 9, 10. We have now established a neonatal mouse FGSC line, with normal karyotype and high telomerase activity, by immunomagnetic isolation and culture for more than 15 months. FGSCs from adult mice were isolated and cultured for more than 6 months. These FGSCs were infected with GFP virus and transplanted into ovaries of infertile mice. Transplanted cells underwent oogenesis and the mice produced offspring that had the GFP transgene. These findings contribute to basic research into oogenesis and stem cell self-renewal and open up new possibilities for use of FGSCs in biotechnology and medicine.
School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
