人的生命依賴于向人體各個(gè)器官輸送氧氣和營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分的血管網(wǎng),,而血管網(wǎng)的生長(zhǎng),,或破裂血管的痊愈是由兩種被稱為“生長(zhǎng)開關(guān)”的蛋白質(zhì)決定的,這是德國(guó)馬普分子生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究所和明斯特大學(xué)共同研究的一項(xiàng)新發(fā)現(xiàn),,有關(guān)論文刊登在最新一期的《細(xì)胞》雜志上,,這個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)機(jī)理有望用于治療癌癥和心血管疾病。
人們很容易從中風(fēng)或心肌梗塞等心血管疾病中了解到血管輸送功能對(duì)人體健康的重要性,,德國(guó)研究人員數(shù)十年來一直在研究讓血管重新生長(zhǎng),,并能修補(bǔ)器官損傷的辦法,例如通過構(gòu)建新的血管,,重新激活腫瘤手術(shù)后的受損器官,。德國(guó)馬普分子生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究所和明斯特大學(xué)研究人員現(xiàn)在首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了決定血管生長(zhǎng)的“開關(guān)”,這個(gè)被取名為“Notch”的“開關(guān)”是一種附在血管細(xì)胞表面的受體,,即所謂的內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞,。這個(gè)受體上可以吸附不同的表面蛋白質(zhì),使“開關(guān)”處于開或關(guān)的位置,。
這個(gè)生化機(jī)理的單個(gè)成分已經(jīng)搞清楚,,即“開關(guān)”處于關(guān)的狀態(tài)時(shí),是受到Notch受體表面像阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字4一樣的三角蛋白質(zhì)(簡(jiǎn)稱D114)和生長(zhǎng)因子VEGF的影響,。“開關(guān)”處于開的狀態(tài)時(shí),,受到同樣是表面蛋白質(zhì)的另一種鋸齒狀蛋白質(zhì)“Jagged1”的影響,。
該項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人,、馬普分子生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究所所長(zhǎng)拉夫·亞當(dāng)斯稱:“我們現(xiàn)在第一次明白這些單個(gè)成分之間是如何作用的,Jagged1蛋白質(zhì)作為開關(guān)的開啟作用是完全新的認(rèn)識(shí),。在接下去的實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠試驗(yàn)中,,我們將進(jìn)一步了解血管的生長(zhǎng),以及開發(fā)可用于人體的新藥,。”
抑制生長(zhǎng)因子VEGF的方法多年來已應(yīng)用在治療癌癥和特殊的眼科手術(shù),,但這種治療方法非常昂貴,只有少數(shù)病人承受得起,。馬普分子生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究所的細(xì)胞生物學(xué)家魯伊·貝內(nèi)迪特博士補(bǔ)充說:“由于VEGF也能增加血管的滲透性和導(dǎo)致出血,,這種因子不能用于血管生長(zhǎng)的治療需要,,通過對(duì)Jagged1蛋白質(zhì)功能的了解,我們有望找到一種新的替代治療方法,。”(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Cell, Volume 137, 12 June 2009 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.03.025
The Notch Ligands Dll4 and Jagged1 Have Opposing Effects on Angiogenesis
Rui Benedito1,2,Cristina Roca1,Inga S?rensen3,Susanne Adams1,2,Achim Gossler3,Marcus Fruttiger4andRalf H. Adams1,2,,
1 Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Vascular Development Laboratory, London WC2A 3PX, UK
2 Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Münster 48149, Germany
3 Institute for Molecular Biology OE5250, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover D-30625, Germany
4 Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
The Notch pathway is a highly conserved signaling system that controls a diversity of growth, differentiation, and patterning processes. In growing blood vessels, sprouting of endothelial tip cells is inhibited by Notch signaling, which is activated by binding of the Notch receptor to its ligand Delta-like 4 (Dll4). Here, we show that the Notch ligand Jagged1 is a potent proangiogenic regulator in mice that antagonizes Dll4-Notch signaling in cells expressing Fringe family glycosyltransferases. Upon glycosylation of Notch, Dll4-Notch signaling is enhanced, whereas Jagged1 has weak signaling capacity and competes with Dll4. Our findings establish that the equilibrium between two Notch ligands with distinct spatial expression patterns and opposing functional roles regulates angiogenesis, a mechanism that might also apply to other Notch-controlled biological processes.