近日,,廈門大學生命科學學院院長林圣彩教授課題組的一項研究表明,,存在于細胞內的一種名為Axin的蛋白分子可以通過控制一種名為p53的抑癌基因的活性來決定細胞“命運”。這就意味著,,含有過度受損基因組的細胞可以通過二者特定的相互作用促使其“死亡”,,從而避免個體發(fā)生癌變。這一研究成果刊登在8月23日出版的國際著名學術期刊《自然—細胞生物學》上,。
據課題組成員李勤喜副教授介紹,,p53是目前人類發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種最主要的抑癌基因,有超過一半腫瘤的發(fā)生都與p53的基因突變有關,。“p53就相當于一名‘分子警察’,,在不同的外界刺激下,啟動不同的程序,,從而抑制癌癥的發(fā)生,。即當DNA受到不可修復的損傷時,p53通過啟動讓細胞凋亡的程序,,促使細胞死亡,;當DNA受到損傷比較弱時,p53便啟動細胞周期阻滯程序,,阻止細胞分裂,,再對受損DNA進行修復,從而防止有缺陷的遺傳物質傳遞到子代細胞,。”
這名“警察”為什么能夠感受到外界不同的刺激從而啟動不同的程序,?林圣彩課題組經過多年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),細胞內一種名為Axin的蛋白分子和p53的活動機理有著密切的關系,,它可以通過控制p53活性的臨界值來決定p53啟動何種程序,,從而讓細胞有不同的“未來”。具體來說,,Axin通過形成不同的多蛋白復合體來控制p53的作用方式,。
李勤喜說,癌變細胞內的Axin可能發(fā)生了突變,,功能出現(xiàn)紊亂,,不能正常激活p53,導致受損細胞加速繁殖,。因此,,在未來技術成熟的前提下,,也許我們能將正常的Axin導入癌癥患者體內,使其恢復調節(jié)控制功能,,這對于癌癥治療將有重大意義,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Nature Cell Biology 23 August 2009 | doi:10.1038/ncb1927
Axin determines cell fate by controlling the p53 activation threshold after DNA damage
Qinxi Li1,2, Shuyong Lin1,2, Xuan Wang1,2, Guili Lian1, Zailian Lu1, Huiling Guo1, Ka Ruan1, Yanhai Wang1, Zhiyun Ye1, Jiahuai Han1 & Sheng-Cai Lin1
Cells can undergo either cell-cycle arrest or apoptosis after genotoxic stress, based on p53 activity1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Here we show that cellular fate commitment depends on Axin forming distinct complexes with Pirh2, Tip60, HIPK2 and p53. In cells treated with sublethal doses of ultra-violet (UV) radiation or doxorubicin (Dox), Pirh2 abrogates Axin-induced p53 phosphorylation at Ser 46 catalysed by HIPK2, by competing with HIPK2 for binding to Axin. However, on lethal treatment, Tip60 interacts with Axin and abrogates Pirh2–Axin binding, forming an Axin–Tip60–HIPK2–p53 complex that allows maximal p53 activation to trigger apoptosis. We also provide evidence that the ATM/ATR pathway mediates the Axin–Tip60 complex assembly. An axin mutation promotes carcinogenesis in AxinFu/+ (Axin-Fused) mice, consistent with a dominant-negative role for AxinFu in p53 activation. Thus, Axin is a critical determinant in p53-dependent tumour suppression in which Pirh2 and Tip60 have different roles in triggering cell-cycle arrest or apoptosis depending on the severity of genotoxic stress.
1 Key Laboratory for Cell Biology and Tumor Cell Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361005, China.
2 These authors contributed equally to this work.