美國科學(xué)家找到了一種方法,,可以讓每千克臍帶血中的干細胞數(shù)量從20萬激增到6億,,大大增強了臍帶血的威力和安全性,,研究人員認為,,這是白血病患者的福音,相關(guān)研究成果發(fā)表在近期出版的《自然·醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志上,。
目前,,治療白血病的方法包括化療和骨髓移植等,然而,,尋找匹配的骨髓非常困難,,而且移植帶來的并發(fā)癥風(fēng)險較高,尤其是排異反應(yīng)嚴重,。因此,,臍帶血成為了較好的替代品。
臍帶血是胎兒娩出,、臍帶結(jié)扎并離斷后殘留在胎盤和臍帶中的血液,,通常是廢棄不用的。然而近十幾年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),,臍帶血中含有可重建人體造血和免疫系統(tǒng)的造血干細胞,,可用于造血干細胞移植,治療白血病等多種疾病,。
研究人員指出,,臍帶血是較為單純的干細胞,移植的排異反應(yīng)一般比骨髓低,,此外,,臍帶血還可以庫存。不過,,臍帶血中的干細胞含量較低,,不足以對抗白血病,,另外,,被移植進入病人體內(nèi)的臍帶血也需要一定的時間才能在人體內(nèi)“落地生根”,這大大增加了病人發(fā)生排異反應(yīng)和死亡的風(fēng)險,,限制了臍帶血的使用,。
現(xiàn)在,美國西雅圖弗萊德哈欽森癌癥研究中心的科琳·德蘭尼領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究團隊使用了一種蛋白質(zhì),,可將每千克血液中干細胞的數(shù)量從20萬增加到了6億,。德蘭尼表示,,當(dāng)這些干細胞被移植到病人體內(nèi)時,它們能夠很快生成白血細胞以及血液系統(tǒng)中的其他元素,。
研究結(jié)果表明,,將含有更多干細胞的血液移植入人體后,這些細胞14天就可以“落葉生根”,,生成白血細胞,,而沒有經(jīng)過“增殖”的干細胞則需要4周。參與該實驗的10個白血病患者中,,有7名患者仍然活著,,也沒有顯示出舊病復(fù)發(fā)的跡象。
英國慈善機構(gòu)安東尼諾蘭信托的首席執(zhí)行官亨利·布蘭德表示,,該技術(shù)的潛力非常“巨大”,。她認為,臍帶血是一座未被開發(fā)的“寶礦”,,在治療白血病以及再生醫(yī)學(xué)等方面均有廣泛的用途,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
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生物谷推薦原始出處:
Nature Medicine 17 January 2010 | doi:10.1038/nm.2080
Notch-mediated expansion of human cord blood progenitor cells capable of rapid myeloid reconstitution
Colleen Delaney1,2, Shelly Heimfeld1, Carolyn Brashem-Stein1, Howard Voorhies1, Ronald L Manger1 & Irwin D Bernstein1,2
Delayed myeloid engraftment after cord blood transplantation (CBT) is thought to result from inadequate numbers of progenitor cells in the graft and is associated with increased early transplant–related morbidity and mortality. New culture strategies that increase the number of cord blood progenitors capable of rapid myeloid engraftment after CBT would allow more widespread use of this stem cell source for transplantation. Here we report the development of a clinically relevant Notch-mediated ex vivo expansion system for human CD34+ cord blood progenitors that results in a marked increase in the absolute number of stem/progenitor cells, including those capable of enhanced repopulation in the marrow of immunodeficient nonobese diabetic–severe combined immunodeficient (NOD-SCID) mice. Furthermore, when cord blood progenitors expanded ex vivo in the presence of Notch ligand were infused in a clinical setting after a myeloablative preparative regimen for stem cell transplantation, the time to neutrophil recovery was substantially shortened. To our knowledge, this is the first instance of rapid engraftment derived from ex vivo expanded stem/progenitor cells in humans.
1 Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.