脂肪組織是如何在受損傷的肌肉中堆積的,？在1月在線出版的《自然—細(xì)胞生物學(xué)》期刊上,，研究人員報(bào)告了他們對(duì)這一問題的看法,。這種脂肪的沉積與肌肉營(yíng)養(yǎng)失調(diào)等疾病有關(guān)，新研究有助于發(fā)展這類疾病的新治療方法,。
健康的肌肉再生依賴于多重細(xì)胞類型的反應(yīng),，包括被稱為成體肌肉干細(xì)胞的衛(wèi)星細(xì)胞。Akiyoshi Uezumi和同事從衛(wèi)星干細(xì)胞中鑒別出一組始祖細(xì)胞,，這些衛(wèi)星細(xì)胞在細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液和小鼠中都能形成脂肪組織,。這些PDGFRalpha+細(xì)胞在健康肌肉細(xì)胞中被抑制，但當(dāng)被移植到小鼠受損傷的肌肉中后,，卻能夠增生擴(kuò)散,。
在另一篇相關(guān)的論文中，F(xiàn)abio Rossi和同事合作,，鑒別出在肌肉組織中定居的脂肪所形成的始祖細(xì)胞,。利用移植技術(shù)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些細(xì)胞在被移植到受損害的組織中后會(huì)長(zhǎng)出新的脂肪組織,，卻不會(huì)在小鼠的健康組織中生長(zhǎng),。這些細(xì)胞不直接參與組織修復(fù),，但能刺激肌肉功能的恢復(fù)。
研究人員相信,，以這些脂肪始祖細(xì)胞為靶標(biāo)也許會(huì)打開一扇新的治療方法大門,，治療肌肉疾病并減少疤痕。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Nature Cell Biology 17 January 2010 | doi:10.1038/ncb2014
Mesenchymal progenitors distinct from satellite cells contribute to ectopic fat cell formation in skeletal muscle
Akiyoshi Uezumi1, So-ichiro Fukada2, Naoki Yamamoto3, Shin'ichi Takeda4 & Kunihiro Tsuchida1
Ectopic fat deposition in skeletal muscle is closely associated with several disorders, however, the origin of these adipocytes is not clear, nor is the mechanism of their formation. Satellite cells function as adult muscle stem cells but are proposed to possess multipotency. Here, we prospectively identify PDGFRα+ mesenchymal progenitors as being distinct from satellite cells and located in the muscle interstitium. We show that, of the muscle-derived cell populations, only PDGFRα+ cells show efficient adipogenic differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Reciprocal transplantations between regenerating and degenerating muscles, and co-culture experiments revealed that adipogenesis of PDGFRα+ cells is strongly inhibited by the presence of satellite cell-derived myofibres. These results suggest that PDGFRα+ mesenchymal progenitors are the major contributor to ectopic fat cell formation in skeletal muscle, and emphasize that interaction between muscle cells and PDGFRα+ mesenchymal progenitors, not the fate decision of satellite cells, has a considerable impact on muscle homeostasis.
1 Division for Therapies against Intractable Diseases, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
2 Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
3 Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Histochemistry, Fujita Health University Joint Research Laboratory, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
4 Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
