英國科學(xué)家研制出了一種新的塑料表面,其能更好地培育出更多的成人干細(xì)胞。科學(xué)家有望據(jù)此設(shè)計出更好的干細(xì)胞療法來讓骨頭和組織再生以及治療關(guān)節(jié)炎等病癥。最新研究發(fā)表在《自然·材料學(xué)》雜志上,。
這種最新的“納米圖形化”表面使用制造藍(lán)光光盤的方法研制而成,該表面上布滿細(xì)小的凹坑,。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)該項研究的英國格拉斯哥大學(xué)組織工程師馬修·道爾貝和南安普敦大學(xué)肌肉與骨骼科學(xué)研究系主任理查德·奧瑞福表示,,這種表面有助于干細(xì)胞更有效地生長和擴(kuò)散成對治療有用的細(xì)胞。
目前,,科學(xué)家會將從病人體內(nèi)提取的成人干細(xì)胞放在實驗室中培育,,直到制造出足夠數(shù)量的干細(xì)胞來開啟細(xì)胞再生過程,然后再將培育出的干細(xì)胞重新移植到病人體內(nèi),。然而,,現(xiàn)在廣泛使用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)塑料組織表面在培育更多成人干細(xì)胞并保持這些干細(xì)胞的有用性質(zhì)方面面臨諸多困難,種植在其上的干細(xì)胞并不會一直再生出新的干細(xì)胞,,而是生成其他對治療無益的細(xì)胞,。科學(xué)家們不得不將干細(xì)胞注入化學(xué)溶液中來讓它們擴(kuò)展,,但這種方法效率很低,。
道爾貝表示:“新的納米結(jié)構(gòu)表面能被用來高效地培育從骨髓等組織和器官中提取出的間葉細(xì)胞干細(xì)胞,科學(xué)家們隨后可將培育出的細(xì)胞用于骨骼肌系統(tǒng)和結(jié)締組織中,。”
該團(tuán)隊正在著手研究如何大規(guī)模地制造這種新的塑料表面,。道爾貝指出,,他們還在使用同樣的方法培育其他類型的干細(xì)胞,如果取得成功,,則有望研制出大規(guī)模的干細(xì)胞培育工廠,,這種干細(xì)胞培育工廠將使科學(xué)家更有效地治療糖尿病、關(guān)節(jié)炎,、阿爾茨海默癥,、帕金森氏病等病癥。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處:
Nature Materials doi:10.1038/nmat3058
Nanoscale surfaces for the long-term maintenance of mesenchymal stem cell phenotype and multipotency
Rebecca J. McMurray, Nikolaj Gadegaard, P. Monica Tsimbouri, Karl V. Burgess,Laura E. McNamara,Rahul Tare,Kate Murawski, Emmajayne Kingham,Richard O. C. Oreffo, & Matthew J. Dalby
There is currently an unmet need for the supply of autologous, patient-specific stem cells for regenerative therapies in the clinic. Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation can be driven by the material/cell interface suggesting a unique strategy to manipulate stem cells in the absence of complex soluble chemistries or cellular reprogramming. However, so far the derivation and identification of surfaces that allow retention of multipotency of this key regenerative cell type have remained elusive. Adult stem cells spontaneously differentiate in culture, resulting in a rapid diminution of the multipotent cell population and their regenerative capacity. Here we identify a nanostructured surface that retains stem-cell phenotype and maintains stem-cell growth over eight weeks. Furthermore, the study implicates a role for small RNAs in repressing key cell signalling and metabolomic pathways, demonstrating the potential of surfaces as non-invasive tools with which to address the stem cell niche.