2012年8月29日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --匹茲堡大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院研究人員證實(shí)：人類胚胎干細(xì)胞和人誘導(dǎo)性多能干細(xì)胞（iPS細(xì)胞）可以被誘導(dǎo)成為精子前體細(xì)胞,，這表明它未來(lái)可能用于恢復(fù)不育男性的生育能力，他們的研究結(jié)果將發(fā)表在Cell Reports雜志上,。
研究報(bào)告的主要作者,、匹茲堡大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院婦科和生殖科學(xué)Charles Easley博士解釋說(shuō)：不育可能是某些癌癥治療所帶來(lái)的副作用，因?yàn)樗幬锸峭ㄟ^(guò)破壞迅速分裂的細(xì)胞來(lái)發(fā)揮作用,，這些迅速分裂的細(xì)胞就包括精子的前體細(xì)胞,。
有越來(lái)越多的研究證據(jù)證實(shí)成年體細(xì)胞如皮膚中的細(xì)胞可以誘發(fā)演變返回到原始狀態(tài)，然后重新定向到成為不同類型的細(xì)胞,。為了探究是否能夠獲得精子細(xì)胞,，Easley博士和他的同事們從市售的皮膚樣本中獲取培養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室級(jí)的人iPS細(xì)胞，同時(shí)從已建立的細(xì)胞系中獲取培養(yǎng)人胚胎干細(xì)胞,，在通常情況下,，人胚胎干細(xì)胞主要用于維持精原干細(xì)胞。
他們發(fā)現(xiàn),，兩種干細(xì)胞能夠產(chǎn)生一些關(guān)鍵性細(xì)胞包括精原干細(xì)胞,、包含了細(xì)胞減數(shù)分裂前完整染色體的精母細(xì)胞，染色體數(shù)目只有的一半的減數(shù)分裂后精母細(xì)胞以及圓形精子,，其中圓形精子是精子的前體,。Easley博士說(shuō)：以前沒有人能夠在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中使得人誘導(dǎo)性多能干細(xì)胞（iPS細(xì)胞）轉(zhuǎn)化成精子，但這一新研究證明它是可能的。也許有一天,，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致男性不育癥診斷和治療的新方法的出現(xiàn)。（生物谷：Bioon.com）
doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2012.07.015
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Direct Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Haploid Spermatogenic Cells
Charles A. Easley, Bart T. Phillips, Megan M. McGuire, Jennifer M. Barringer, Hanna Valli, Brian P. Hermann, Calvin R. Simerly, Aleksander Rajkovic, Toshio Miki, Kyle E. Orwig, Gerald P. Schatten
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been shown to differentiate into primordial germ cells (PGCs) but not into spermatogonia, haploid spermatocytes, or spermatids. Here, we show that hESCs and hiPSCs differentiate directly into advanced male germ cell lineages, including postmeiotic, spermatid-like cells, in vitro without genetic manipulation. Furthermore, our procedure mirrors spermatogenesis in vivo by differentiating PSCs into UTF1-, PLZF-, and CDH1-positive spermatogonia-like cells; HIWI- and HILI-positive spermatocyte-like cells; and haploid cells expressing acrosin, transition protein 1, and protamine 1 (proteins that are uniquely found in spermatids and/or sperm). These spermatids show uniparental genomic imprints similar to those of human sperm on two loci: H19 and IGF2. These results demonstrate that male PSCs have the ability to differentiate directly into advanced germ cell lineages and may represent a novel strategy for studying spermatogenesis in vitro.
