生物谷報道:自從基因沉默通過自然出現(xiàn)的小RNA分子被發(fā)現(xiàn)以來,,認為小干涉RNA(siRNA)也許可用于治療的觀點就一直在流傳,。近年來,,科學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)表了幾篇關(guān)于系統(tǒng)性注射siRNA的研究報告,,但大腦仍然不在注射的目標中,,這主要是因為在神經(jīng)疾病治療過程中的一個主要障礙是血腦障壁的存在,,這道屏障使治療性分子無法從血液進入大腦?,F(xiàn)在,,在美國和韓國實驗室之間的一個合作項目中,研究人員找到了跨越這個障礙來輸送siRNA的一種方法,。這種方法除了適用于siRNA外,,還可能適用于其他類型的藥物,這項研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在最新一期的《自然》雜志上,。
在這項新的研究中,,來自美國和韓國的研究人員利用從狂犬病病毒中提取的一個短肽作為RNA的輸送工具。除了將RNA輸送進細胞培養(yǎng)中的神經(jīng)細胞中外,,一種抗病毒的siRNA也被特定地輸送進感染了腦炎的小鼠腦中:正常情況這種感染是致命的,,但注射siRNA后大約80%的小鼠存活了下來。如果將這種方法用在人身上,,那么就有可能找到一種治療神經(jīng)疾病的非入侵性靜脈治療方法,。這種由29個氨基酸組成的肽段能特異性地結(jié)合到神經(jīng)細胞表達的乙酰膽堿受體上。為了能夠使siRNA牢牢結(jié)合,,研究人員通過在RVG的C端添加精氨酸九聚物殘基,,合成一種嵌合肽。在體外實驗中,,這種RVG-9R肽能夠結(jié)合siRNA,,并將其轉(zhuǎn)換到神經(jīng)元細胞中,從而有效進行基因沉默,。在通過靜脈注射到小鼠體內(nèi)時,,RVG-9R能夠?qū)iRNA傳遞給神經(jīng)元細胞,從而使大腦中特定基因發(fā)生沉默,。而且,,用RVG-9R連接抗病毒siRNA進行靜脈注射能夠保護小鼠不會患上致死性病毒腦炎。
研究人員還證實,,重復(fù)進行RVG-9R結(jié)合siRNA的治療不會誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生炎性細胞激素或抗肽抗體,。因此,該研究顯示RVG-9R為siRNA和其他治療性分子穿越血腦障壁提供一種安全,、非侵入性的方法,。這項技術(shù)將會提高一些神經(jīng)疾病藥物治療效果。
FIGURE 1. A short RVG peptide binds to neuronal cells in vitro and in vivo.
a, Neuro 2a and HeLa cells (inset) were incubated with biotinylated RVG or RV-MAT peptides, stained with SAPE and examined by flow cytometry. b, Peptide binding was also tested with the indicated cell lines in triplicate. Error bars indicate s.d. RV-MAT did not bind any of the cell lines (not shown). c, Neuro 2a cells were stained with biotinylated RVG in the absence (red histogram) or presence (grey histograms) of decreasing concentrations of BTX. d, Freshly isolated mouse brain (left) and spleen (right) cells were tested for peptide binding. e, Mice were injected intravenously with biotinylated RVG or RV-MAT peptide; 4 h later, isolated brain cells were stained with SAPE. Error bars indicate s.d. (n = 6).
原文出處:
Nature Volume 448 Number 7149
Transvascular delivery of small interfering RNA to the central nervous system p39
Priti Kumar, Haoquan Wu, Jodi L. McBride, Kyeong-Eun Jung, Moon Hee Kim, Beverly L. Davidson, Sang Kyung Lee, Premlata Shankar & N. Manjunath
doi:10.1038/nature05901
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (841K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Cantin & Rossi
作者簡介:
Priti Kumar
Research Fellow in Pediatrics
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Research affiliations
Blood Research, Center for (HMS) Children's Hospital Boston
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