美國(guó)的生物學(xué)家首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了一類新的馬達(dá)蛋白質(zhì)HARP(HepA-relatedprotein),,該蛋白質(zhì)能夠“重繞”雙鏈DNA分子某些未被纏繞的部分,,阻止關(guān)鍵基因被表達(dá),該研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在10月31日出版的美國(guó)《科學(xué)》(Science)雜志上,。
該研究由加州大學(xué)圣迭戈分校生物學(xué)教授吉姆·卡東納格和其博士后提莫·優(yōu)素福扎伊負(fù)責(zé),??|納格表示,當(dāng)DNA處于未被纏繞的狀態(tài)時(shí),,人體細(xì)胞岌岌可危,,最終可導(dǎo)致死亡,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)的是解決這個(gè)問題的酶,。他說,,該發(fā)現(xiàn)能讓生物醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)家更好地理解造成罕見的席姆克免疫性多骨發(fā)育不良遺傳障礙的分子機(jī)制,也將最終使醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員能夠在未來治療一些導(dǎo)致中風(fēng),、充血性心力衰竭,、腎功能失調(diào)、夭折等災(zāi)難性的遺傳障礙,。
卡東納格說:“在開始這項(xiàng)研究之前,,我們知道該蛋白質(zhì)導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)疾病,只是不知道它做了什么手腳,。”
HARP確實(shí)使卡東納格大吃一驚,,他們起初發(fā)現(xiàn),該馬達(dá)蛋白質(zhì)燃燒能量的方式同名為解旋酶的酶一樣,,附著在DNA分離的區(qū)域,,例如DNA、RNA或者RNA與DNA雜交的兩條鏈之間,。然而,,使研究人員驚奇的是,這個(gè)蛋白質(zhì)的動(dòng)作剛好相反,,也就是說,,它重繞了有缺陷的DNA部分,將兩條鏈重新密合在一起,,研究人員將這種新的酶活動(dòng)命名為“去解旋”,。
卡東納格認(rèn)為,這將開拓一個(gè)全新的研究領(lǐng)域,,目前,,能夠改變DNA結(jié)構(gòu)的酶我們知之甚少,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)全新的,。他還指出,,“我相信它的作用將不止僅局限于DNA,就像存在著DNA與DNA之間,、RNA與RNA之間以及RNA與DNA之間的解旋一樣,,我們可以預(yù)計(jì),也存在著RNA與DNA之間以及RNA與RNA之間的去解旋,,隨著越來越多的人發(fā)現(xiàn)另外的RNA與RNA之間的去解旋,,研究領(lǐng)域?qū)⒆兊酶?rdquo;,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Science,Vol. 322. no. 5902, pp. 748 - 750,,Timur Yusufzai and James T. Kadonaga
HARP Is an ATP-Driven Annealing Helicase
Timur Yusufzai and James T. Kadonaga*
DNA-dependent adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases) participate in a broad range of biological processes including transcription, DNA repair, and chromatin dynamics. Mutations in the HepA-related protein (HARP) ATPase are responsible for Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD), but the function of the protein is unknown. We found that HARP is an ATP-dependent annealing helicase that rewinds single-stranded DNA bubbles that are stably bound by replication protein A. Other related ATPases, including the DNA translocase Rad54, did not exhibit annealing helicase activity. Analysis of mutant HARP proteins suggests that SIOD is caused by a deficiency in annealing helicase activity. Moreover, the pleiotropy of HARP mutations is consistent with the function of HARP as an annealing helicase that acts throughout the genome to oppose the action of DNA-unwinding activities in the nucleus.
Section of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.