測(cè)量肺的血流模式的差異可能幫助科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)哪些吸煙者最有可能出現(xiàn)肺氣腫,，而且可能為面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的人提供更早的預(yù)警,。
Eric Hoffman及其同事用CT（CAT）掃描成像技術(shù)研究了吸煙者和不吸煙者的肺，顯示出了兩組受試者肺的不同區(qū)域的血流模式的差異,。這組作者發(fā)現(xiàn),，吸入煙草的煙會(huì)讓肺的一些部分發(fā)炎并改變吸煙者的肺試圖最大限度地吸收氧氣的時(shí)候的肺血流。發(fā)炎的肺組織中的低血流區(qū)域可能促進(jìn)組織破壞并抑制肺組織的修復(fù),，最終形成了肺氣腫的特征癥狀,。
在掃描了41人之后，這組科學(xué)家能夠分辨出從不吸煙的人,、吸煙但是沒(méi)有肺氣腫跡象的人,、以及那些肺功能正常但是有早期細(xì)微的肺氣腫跡象的人。后一組吸煙者的肺血流模式受到的擾亂最大,。這組科學(xué)家提出,，他們的結(jié)果可能幫助提供對(duì)肺氣腫的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和范圍的測(cè)量，而且可能幫助有針對(duì)性地進(jìn)行和測(cè)試藥物干預(yù)手段,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文：
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.0913880107
Heterogeneity of pulmonary perfusion as a mechanistic image-based phenotype in emphysema susceptible smokers
Sara K. Alforda,b, Edwin J. R. van Beeka,b,c, Geoffrey McLennana,b,c, and Eric A. Hoffmana,b,c,1
Recent evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction and pathology of pulmonary vascular responses may serve as a precursor to smoking-associated emphysema. Although it is known that emphysematous destruction leads to vasculature changes, less is known about early regional vascular dysfunction which may contribute to and precede emphysematous changes. We sought to test the hypothesis, via multidetector row CT (MDCT) perfusion imaging, that smokers showing early signs of emphysema susceptibility have a greater heterogeneity in regional perfusion parameters than emphysema-free smokers and persons who had never smoked (NS). Assuming that all smokers have a consistent inflammatory response, increased perfusion heterogeneity in emphysema-susceptible smokers would be consistent with the notion that these subjects may have the inability to block hypoxic vasoconstriction in patchy, small regions of inflammation. Dynamic ECG-gated MDCT perfusion scans with a central bolus injection of contrast were acquired in 17 NS, 12 smokers with normal CT imaging studies (SNI), and 12 smokers with subtle CT findings of centrilobular emphysema (SCE). All subjects had normal spirometry. Quantitative image analysis determined regional perfusion parameters, pulmonary blood flow (PBF), and mean transit time (MTT). Mean and coefficient of variation were calculated, and statistical differences were assessed with one-way ANOVA. MDCT-based MTT and PBF measurements demonstrate globally increased heterogeneity in SCE subjects compared with NS and SNI subjects but demonstrate similarity between NS and SNI subjects. These findings demonstrate a functional lung-imaging measure that provides a more mechanistically oriented phenotype that differentiates smokers with and without evidence of emphysema susceptibility.
