近日來自南京大學生物物理所的研究人員在最新一期的《美國科學院院刊》(PNAS)上發(fā)表了一篇題為“Two-phase dynamics of p53 in the DNA damage response”的研究論文,解析了在DNA損傷反應中p53的兩階段動力學機制,。
南京大學的生物物理所的王煒教授及劉鋒教授為這一文章的共同通訊作者,。王煒教授于1999年受聘為長江計劃特聘教授,現任南京大學生物物理所所長,。曾榮獲中國青年科技獎和香港求是基金會杰出青年研究獎,,在國際重要學術雜志上發(fā)表學術論文150余篇,。劉鋒教授1998年12月于南京大學獲得理學博士學位,1999年至今留任南京大學物理系工作,,現為南京大學物理學教授,、博士生導師。曾獲教育部“新世紀優(yōu)秀人才”稱號,。
P53基因是迄今發(fā)現與人類腫瘤相關性最高的基因,,其編碼蛋白能與DNA特異結合,活性受到磷酸化,、乙?;⒓谆?、泛素化等翻譯后修飾調控,。正常P53蛋白的生物功能好似“基因組衛(wèi)士”,在G1期檢查DNA損傷點,,監(jiān)視基因組的完整性,。如有損傷,P53蛋白阻止DNA復制,,以提供足夠的使損傷DNA修復,;如果修復失敗,P53蛋白則引發(fā)細胞凋亡,。近十年來,,科學家們針對P53的功能、調控機制及基因治療開展了廣泛而深入的研究,。然而科學家們對于p53在DNA損傷反應中是誘導細胞周期阻滯/DNA修復或是誘導凋亡之間選擇的分子機制仍不是十分清楚,。
在這篇文章中,研究人員構建了一個p53信號網絡四單元模型,,并將網絡動態(tài)與電離輻射后的細胞反應聯系起來,。研究人員發(fā)現細胞反應受到p53水平及翻譯后修飾的雙重調控,且p53是以漸進的方式逐步激活:首先p53通過初步的修飾Ser-15/20位點磷酸化部分激活誘導細胞周期阻滯,,p53的水平呈現脈沖型變化,;在經歷臨界值p53脈沖后如果DNA損傷仍無法修復,p53則會在隨后被另一種修飾即Ser-46位點磷酸化完全激活啟動凋亡,,此時p53濃度將轉換至相當高的水平,。這表明p53在無法修復的損傷細胞中經歷了兩階段反應。p53的這種脈沖式及開關樣的反應代表了一種靈活,、有效的控制模式,,既避免了過早的凋亡,又推動了凋亡的執(zhí)行。在這一模型中,,研究人員還證實持續(xù)的DNA損傷能夠反復激活毛細血管擴張性共濟失調癥突變蛋白(ATM),,從而誘發(fā)p53脈沖。p53-Mdm2和ATM-p53-Wip1負反饋環(huán)對p53在細胞內的脈沖型變化起重要影響,,而在p53-PTEN-Akt-Mdm2正反饋環(huán)發(fā)揮優(yōu)勢作用時p53則會發(fā)生功能轉換,。
新研究結果表明細胞有可能是通過不同反饋環(huán)的一系列主導作用啟動了p53多個階段的動態(tài)反應。這一研究工作提供了關于p53動力學及細胞命運定向的新機制,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1100600108
Two-phase dynamics of p53 in the DNA damage response
Zhang, Xiao-Peng; Liu, Feng; Wang, Wei
The tumor suppressor p53 mainly induces cell cycle arrest/DNA repair or apoptosis in the DNA damage response. How to choosebetween these two outcomes is not fully understood. We proposed a four-module model of the p53 signaling network and associatedthe network dynamics with cellular outcomes after ionizing radiation. We found that the cellular response is mediated by boththe level and posttranslational modifications of p53 and that p53 is activated in a progressive manner. First, p53 is partiallyactivated by primary modifications such as phosphorylation at Ser-15/20 to induce cell cycle arrest, with its level varyingin a series of pulses. If the damage cannot be fixed after a critical number of p53 pulses, then p53 is fully activated byfurther modifications such as phosphorylation at Ser-46 to trigger apoptosis, with its concentration switching to rather highlevels. Thus, p53 undergoes a two-phase response in irreparably damaged cells. Such combinations of pulsatile and switch-likebehaviors of p53 may represent a flexible and efficient control mode, avoiding the premature apoptosis and promoting the executionof apoptosis. In our model, p53 pulses are recurrently driven by ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) pulses triggered by DNAdamage. The p53-Mdm2 and ATM-p53-Wip1 negative feedback loops are responsible for p53 pulses, whereas the switching behavioroccurs when the p53-PTEN-Akt-Mdm2 positive feedback loop becomes dominant. Our results suggest that a sequential predominanceof distinct feedback loops may elicit multiple-phase dynamical behaviors. This work provides a new mechanism for p53 dynamicsand cell fate decision.