眾所周知,,東西方美食各有千秋,,但少有人從分子層面來分析兩者的差異。英國科研人員日前進(jìn)行了這樣一項(xiàng)研究,,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)西方菜肴的食材大多含有相同滋味分子,,而東方菜肴正好相反。
英國劍橋大學(xué)的塞巴斯蒂安·阿納特和同行在學(xué)術(shù)刊物《科學(xué)報(bào)道》(Scientific Reports)上撰文說,,他們研究了兩家美國食譜數(shù)據(jù)庫和一家韓國食譜數(shù)據(jù)庫,,將其中的食譜按區(qū)域分為北美、西歐,、拉美,、南歐和東亞五大類,,然后分析了每一類食譜中菜肴所用食材的分子構(gòu)成。
結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),,北美和西歐食譜中的菜肴多選用含有相同滋味分子的食材,,如北美食譜中有一道用蝦和西紅柿做的菜,這兩樣主要食材中都含有分子“1-戊烯-3-醇”,,而許多歐洲人喜歡用奶酪和番茄一起做菜,,這兩樣食材中都含有“4-甲基戊酸”。
綜合分析顯示,,北美食譜中用得最多的一些材料,,如牛奶、黃油,、可可豆等,,其成分中都有大量滋味相似的分子。
東亞食譜中最常用的一些材料,,如豬肉,、雞肉、姜,、辣椒等,,其含有的滋味相似的分子非常少,其他食材也是如此,。
阿納特說,他接下來計(jì)劃詳細(xì)分析每一種食材中所含不同滋味分子的數(shù)量,,以便進(jìn)一步開展更精細(xì)的研究,。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/srep00196
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Flavor network and the principles of food pairing
Yong-Yeol Ahn,Sebastian E. Ahnert,James P. Bagrow & Albert-László Barabási
The cultural diversity of culinary practice, as illustrated by the variety of regional cuisines, raises the question of whether there are any general patterns that determine the ingredient combinations used in food today or principles that transcend individual tastes and recipes. We introduce a flavor network that captures the flavor compounds shared by culinary ingredients. Western cuisines show a tendency to use ingredient pairs that share many flavor compounds, supporting the so-called food pairing hypothesis. By contrast, East Asian cuisines tend to avoid compound sharing ingredients. Given the increasing availability of information on food preparation, our data-driven investigation opens new avenues towards a systematic understanding of culinary practice.