美國北卡羅來納大學研究人員4月21日公布的研究成果顯示，長在頭皮及頸部的惡性黑色素瘤（一種皮膚癌）比長在人體其他部位的惡性黑色素瘤更致命,。
研究人員分析了大約5.2萬名1992年至2003年間被診斷出患有惡性黑色素瘤美國人的治療數(shù)據(jù),，結果發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些人的生存率與惡性黑色素瘤最先在他們身上哪個部位出現(xiàn)相關,。
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),，惡性黑色素瘤長在頭皮或頸部者的5年期生存率為83%,，而惡性黑色素瘤長在其他部位者的5年期生存率為92%；前者的10年期生存率為76%,，后者的10年期生存率為89%,。
研究人員認為，出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因可能是長在頭皮或頸部的惡性黑色素瘤更難得到診斷,，也可能是因為出現(xiàn)在這兩個部位的惡性黑色素瘤更富有攻擊性,。他們建議醫(yī)護人員進行常規(guī)皮膚檢測時，仔細檢測受檢者的頭皮和頸部,。
這項研究成果刊登在21日出版的《皮膚病學檔案》（Archives of Dermatology）月刊上,。（來源：新華網(wǎng)）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
（Archives of Dermatology），144(4):515-521,，Anne M. Lachiewicz,，Nancy E. Thomas
Survival Differences Between Patients With Scalp or Neck Melanoma and Those With Melanoma of Other Sites in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program
Objective To compare the prognosis of patients with scalp or neck (scalp/neck) melanomas with that of patients with melanomas at other sites in a large, population-based national data set controlling for known prognostic factors.
Design Retrospective cohort study using US cancer registries that constitute the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 13 Registries (SEER-13) database.
Patients A total of 51 704 non-Hispanic white adults in the United States with a first invasive cutaneous melanoma reported during the period 1992 to 2003.
Main Outcome Measures Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were used to compare melanoma-specific survival by anatomic site at 5 and 10 years. Multivariate Cox models were used to examine the hazard ratio (HR) of melanoma-specific death associated with scalp/neck melanoma compared with melanoma of the extremities after controlling for other variables.
Results The 5- and 10-year Kaplan-Meier survival probabilities for scalp/neck melanoma were 83.1% and 76.2%, respectively, compared with 92.1% and 88.7%, respectively, for melanoma of the other sites, including extremities, trunk, face, and ears (log-rank test; P < .001). In a multivariate Cox model, the patients with melanoma of the scalp/neck died of melanoma at 1.84 times (HR, 1.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.62-2.10) the rate of those with melanoma on the extremities, controlling for age, Breslow thickness, sex, and ulceration. Neither excluding cases of lentigo maligna and nodular melanoma nor controlling for lymph node involvement materially changed the HR for scalp/neck melanoma.
Conclusions A notable survival difference remained between scalp/neck melanoma and melanoma of other sites even after adjustment for important prognostic factors. This finding has implications for screening and public health recommendations, and we urge physicians, physician assistants, nurses, and nurse practitioners to examine the scalp/neck carefully during routine skin examinations. Further studies are needed to understand the biological or environmental factors leading to survival differences by anatomic site.
