一項新的女性宮頸癌篩查技術--careHPV,將有望在發(fā)展中國家得到廣泛應用,。
著名醫(yī)學雜志《柳葉刀-腫瘤學》(The Lancet Oncology)10月刊上發(fā)表的一份研究指出,,一種名為careHPV的宮頸癌篩查技術在檢測宮頸癌時的準確率達到90%。
該項技術是由總部位于美國的非營利機構PATH(適宜衛(wèi)生科技組織)和一家名為QIAGEN的實驗室器材公司合作,,專門為全球缺乏醫(yī)療資源的地區(qū)開發(fā)的一種新型的人乳頭瘤病毒 (HPV) 檢測法,。
來自中國醫(yī)學科學院的喬友林教授和他的同事們,采用三種方法——HPV快速篩查法(careHPV),,醋酸染色后觀察法(VIA),,以及雜交捕獲二代技術檢測(HC2)法對來自中國山西省農(nóng)村的2388名30-54歲婦女進行了對比檢測。
結果表明,,HPV快速篩查技術,,識別宮頸癌與高度病變的敏感度和特異度,都大大優(yōu)于醋酸染色后觀察法,,并與雜交捕獲二代技術的檢測準確度相差不大,。
報告指出,careHPV可以檢測出14種不同的HPV(乳頭狀瘤病毒),,被檢測者在兩個半小時就能獲知結果--這意味著測試和治療可以在同一天進行,。同時,這種方法操作簡便,,鄉(xiāng)村衛(wèi)生員只需經(jīng)過基本訓練,,就能很好地掌握,而且,,在沒有水電的情況下也可操作,。
“這種篩查技術所能檢測到的高度不典型增生(high—grade dysplasia)是細胞檢測法和醋酸染色后觀察法的兩倍,如果這項技術的價格對相關政府來說劃算的話,,那么這項技術將有很大的優(yōu)勢”,。作者之一,加拿大麥克馬斯特大學的教授John W. Sellors告訴科學與發(fā)展網(wǎng)絡,。
Sellors 指出, 在不發(fā)達地區(qū)開展相關的測試活動,,少不了地方政府的幫助和配合,而重中之重就是要提高農(nóng)村30歲及以上婦女的意識,。“(在發(fā)展中國家)推廣這項技術的最大難題就是要讓各個國家的健康政策制定者認識到宮頸癌的各種不同篩查方法,,以及這些方法的性價比和適用性。”
PATH將在印度,、尼加拉瓜和烏干達開展一個5年研究項目,,將HPV快速篩查(careHPV)法與醋酸染色后觀察法(VIA)和細胞學檢測法進行對比,以便讓決策者根據(jù)相關的實證數(shù)據(jù)做出選擇。
全世界85%的宮頸癌死亡事例發(fā)生在發(fā)展中國家,,而這主要是由于這些地區(qū)缺少有效的篩查和治療宮頸癌的措施所致,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Lancet Oncology 2008; 9:929-936 DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70210-9
A new HPV-DNA test for cervical-cancer screening in developing regions: a cross-sectional study of clinical accuracy in rural China
Prof You-lin Qiao MD, Prof John W Sellors MD, Paul S Eder PhD, Yan-ping Bao PhD, Jeanette M Lim MPH, Fang-hui Zhao MD, Bernhard Weigl PhD, Wen-hua Zhang MD, Roger B Peck BS , Ling Li MD, Feng Chen BS, Qing-jing Pan MD and Prof Attila T Lorincz PhD
Summary
Background
A new test (careHPV; QIAGEN, Gaithersburg, MD, USA) has been developed to detect 14 high-risk types of carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) in about 2·5 h, to screen women in developing regions for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). We did a cross-sectional study to assess the clinical accuracy of careHPV as a rapid screening test in two county hospitals in rural China.
Methods
From May 10 to June 15, 2007, the careHPV test was done locally by use of self-obtained vaginal and provider-obtained cervical specimens from a screening population-based set of 2530 women aged 30 to 54 years in Shanxi province, China. All women were assessed by visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), Digene High-Risk HPV HC2 DNA Test (HC2), liquid-based cytology, and colposcopy with directed biopsy and endocervical curettage as necessary. In 2388 women with complete data, 441 women with negative colposcopy, but unsatisfactory or abnormal cytology or who were positive on HC2 or the new careHPV test, were recalled for a second colposcopy, four-quadrant cervical biopsies, and endocervical curettage. An absence of independence between the tests was not adjusted for and the Bonferroni correction was used for multiple comparisons.