來自美國紐約斯隆/凱德琳癌癥紀(jì)念研究中心(Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,簡稱MSKCC)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)造血干細(xì)胞中腫瘤抑制因子p53表達(dá)水平會(huì)增加,,當(dāng)對一個(gè)細(xì)胞進(jìn)行化療或者放射性治療的時(shí)候,如果這個(gè)細(xì)胞缺乏p53或者一個(gè)稱為MEF的基因,,那么細(xì)胞不僅會(huì)脫離靜止(quiescent),而且更易遭到攻擊。這一研究成果公布在1月的Cell Stem Cell雜志上。
這項(xiàng)研究對于研究靜止(quiescent)這一至今了解得很少的生物學(xué)過程意義重大,,靜止能幫助造血干細(xì)胞維持在休眠,或不活躍狀態(tài),,這樣細(xì)胞就不會(huì)生長或者分裂,現(xiàn)在這一研究識別出維持細(xì)胞靜止的遺傳途徑,,從而骨髓細(xì)胞也許能避免受到常規(guī)癌癥治療引起的副作用,。
文章的通訊作者是斯隆/凱德琳癌癥紀(jì)念研究中心的血液學(xué)部主任Stephen Nimer,他說,,“這是第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)p53在定義一個(gè)細(xì)胞靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)中的作用,,而且令人驚訝的是,實(shí)際上缺失p53的一些細(xì)胞,,比野生型細(xì)胞更易被殺死”,,“我們的這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的一個(gè)重要意義就在于能發(fā)展出一種新的治療方法策略,即消滅靜止癌癥干細(xì)胞,。”
當(dāng)一個(gè)細(xì)胞在癌癥治療中DNA被損傷之后,,p53就開始發(fā)揮它的作用:或者啟動(dòng)細(xì)胞的“死亡信號”,或者讓其停止生長,,以便修復(fù)DNA,,這樣來保證細(xì)胞的完整性,但是p53在血液形成過程中也有其它的作用,。
在這篇文章中,,研究人員希望能了解p53,以及其靶基因表達(dá)水平的增加是否會(huì)導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞的靜止,,以及抵抗化療,,他們分析了p53在血液形成過程中的作用,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)了p53和MEF在HSC靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)中的重要作用,。
“我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)說明通過靶定一些調(diào)控癌細(xì)胞靜止的特異性基因,,能增加化療和放療的抗腫瘤作用,,從而提高治療效果”,Nimer博士說,。
除此之外,,研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)p53蛋白的新靶標(biāo):Necdin和Gfi-1,這兩個(gè)腫瘤抑制基因也會(huì)調(diào)控細(xì)胞靜止,。研究人員降低造血干細(xì)胞(缺失MEF)中Necdin和Gfi-1的表達(dá)水平,,這些細(xì)胞就會(huì)脫離靜止?fàn)顟B(tài),這說明這些p53靶標(biāo)功能上參與了HSCs的靜止調(diào)控,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Cell Stem Cell, 9 January 2009 doi:10.1016/j.stem.2008.11.006
p53 Regulates Hematopoietic Stem Cell Quiescence
Yan Liu1,Shannon E. Elf1,Yasuhiko Miyata1,Goro Sashida1,Yuhui Liu2,Gang Huang1,Silvana Di Giandomenico1,Jennifer M. Lee1,Anthony Deblasio1,Silvia Menendez1,Jack Antipin3,Boris Reva3,Andrew Koff2andStephen D. Nimer1,,
1 Molecular Phamacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
2 Molecular Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
3 Computational Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
Summary
The importance of the p53 protein in the cellular response to DNA damage is well known, but its function during steady-state hematopoiesis has not been established. We have defined a critical role of p53 inregulating hematopoietic stem cell quiescence, especially in promoting the enhanced quiescence seen in HSCs that lack the MEF/ELF4 transcription factor. Transcription profiling of HSCs isolated from wild-type and p53 null mice identified Gfi-1 and Necdin as p53 target genes, and using lentiviral vectors to upregulate or knockdown the expression of these genes, we show their importance in regulating HSC quiescence. Establishing the role of p53 (and its target genes) in controlling the cell-cycle entry of HSCs may lead to therapeutic strategies capable of eliminating quiescent cancer (stem) cells.