科學(xué)家開發(fā)出來一種兩階段納米顆粒療法,，它可能有助于克服目前許多納米療法面臨的免疫系統(tǒng)的挑戰(zhàn)。
Michael Sailor及其同事開發(fā)了一對(duì)合作納米顆粒,，它們可能躲避人體的抗體防御系統(tǒng)并讓藥物在靶標(biāo)（例如癌細(xì)胞）散布。這種納米顆粒的第一階段是一種金納米棒“激活劑”,，它尋找并覆蓋整個(gè)腫瘤,。這種激活劑分子能夠像天線一樣活動(dòng)，吸收外部的紅外激光照射,。這種照射讓腫瘤升溫,，從而引發(fā)這些細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生一種稱為P32的蛋白質(zhì)，后者又會(huì)與第二種納米顆粒上面的稱為脂質(zhì)體的受體結(jié)合,。這第二種納米顆粒可以摻入抗癌藥物,，然后選擇性地與這種最初的療法相結(jié)合,。在對(duì)這種合作納米顆粒療法的測(cè)試中，這組作者向脂質(zhì)體摻入了一種稱為阿霉素的抗癌藥并把這種藥物注射到有癌癥腫瘤的實(shí)驗(yàn)小鼠體內(nèi),。這組科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)這些小鼠的腫瘤尺寸比用單一或非靶向納米顆粒治療的小鼠的腫瘤尺寸顯著減小。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PNAS December 28, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0909565107
Cooperative nanomaterial system to sensitize, target, and treat tumors
Ji-Ho Parka,b, Geoffrey von Maltzahnc, Mary Jue Xuc, Valentina Fogald, Venkata Ramana Kotamrajue, Erkki Ruoslahtid,e, Sangeeta N. Bhatiac,f,g and Michael J. Sailora,b,h,1
aMaterials Science and Engineering Program,
bDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and
hDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Ca 92093, and
cHarvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, and
fElectrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Ma 02139, and
gDivision of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Ma 02115, and
dCancer Research Center, Burnham Institute for Medical Research, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, Ca 92037, and
eVascular Mapping Center, Burnham Institute for Medical Research at UCSB, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, Ca 93106
A significant barrier to the clinical translation of systemically administered therapeutic nanoparticles is their tendency to be removed from circulation by the mononuclear phagocyte system. The addition of a targeting ligand that selectively interacts with cancer cells can improve the therapeutic efficacy of nanomaterials, although these systems have met with only limited success. Here, we present a cooperative nanosystem consisting of two discrete nanomaterials. The first component is gold nanorod (NR) “activators” that populate the porous tumor vessels and act as photothermal antennas to specify tumor heating via remote near-infrared laser irradiation. We find that local tumor heating accelerates the recruitment of the second component: a targeted nanoparticle consisting of either magnetic nanoworms (NW) or doxorubicin-loaded liposomes (LP). The targeting species employed in this work is a cyclic nine-amino acid peptide LyP-1 (Cys-Gly-Asn-Lys-Arg-Thr-Arg-Gly-Cys) that binds to the stress-related protein, p32, which we find to be upregulated on the surface of tumor-associated cells upon thermal treatment. Mice containing xenografted MDA-MB-435 tumors that are treated with the combined NR/LyP-1LP therapeutic system display significant reductions in tumor volume compared with individual nanoparticles or untargeted cooperative system.
