2012年1月3日,,據(jù)《每日科學》報道,,一項新的研究表明,選擇性地靶向和阻斷肝癌中一個重要的特定microRNA是可能的,。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能提供一個針對肝癌的新療法,,每年全球估計有549000人死于肝癌。
由俄亥俄州立大學綜合癌癥中心--Arthur G. James癌癥醫(yī)院和Richard J. Solove研究所(OSUCCC-James)及Mayo診所的研究人員開展的動物實驗研究,,聚焦于microRNA - 221(miR - 221),,一種在肝癌中持續(xù)性地呈現(xiàn)異常高的水平的分子。
為了控制這個問題分子,,研究人員設計出了第二個分子作為第一個分子的一種鏡像,。這種鏡像分子被稱為反義寡核苷酸,它選擇性地結合到并阻斷了在人體肝癌移植到小鼠體內的miR - 221的作用,。治療顯著地延長了實驗動物的生命并有效促進重要的抑癌基因的活性,。
"這項研究非常重要,因為肝細胞癌或肝癌,,一般都預后不佳,,所以我們迫切需要新的治療策略,"首席研究員Thomas Schmittgen說,,俄亥俄州立大學藥學院副教授及主席,,同時也是OSUCCC-James實驗治療項目的成員OSUCCC。
該研究結果發(fā)表在"癌癥研究"雜志(Cancer Research)上,。
在這項研究中,,Schmittgen和他的同事們,將標記了熒光素酶的肝癌細胞注射入小鼠的肝臟中,。研究人員利用生物發(fā)光成像技術監(jiān)測腫瘤的生長,。
當腫瘤長到適當?shù)拇笮。麄兘o其中一組動物注射能阻止miR - 221的分子,,另一組接受對照分子,。
關鍵性的結果包括以下內容:
1、反義寡核苷酸治療后,,有一半的實驗動物在10周時依然存活,,而對照全部死亡。
2、反義寡核苷酸顯著降低了腫瘤和正常肝臟樣本中miR - 221的水平,。
3,、反義寡核苷酸治療引起3個重要的腫瘤抑制基因活性增加了3倍,而這三個基因在肝癌細胞中是被miR - 221阻斷的,。 (腫瘤抑制基因為P27,,P57和PTEN。)
"總的來說,,這項研究為進一步開發(fā)肝癌microRNA靶向療法提供了原理循證,,"Schmittgen說。
這項研究得到了國家癌癥研究所和美國國立糖尿病,、消化道和腎病研究所的資金支持,。
參與這項研究的其他研究人員,還有 Jong-Kook Park, Jinmai Jiang, Lei He, Ji Hye Kim, Mitch A. Phelps, Tracey L. Papenfuss and Carlo M. Croce of Ohio State; Takayuki Kogure and Tushar Patel of Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida; and Gerard J. Nuovo,。(生物谷bioon.com)
doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1144
PMC:
PMID:
miR-221 Silencing Blocks Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Promotes Survival
J.-K. Park, T. Kogure, G. J. Nuovo, J. Jiang, L. He, J. H. Kim, M. A. Phelps, T. L. Papenfuss, C. M. Croce, T. Patel, T. D. Schmittgen.
Abstract:Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) face a dismal prognosis because of a lack of any effective therapies. To address this situation, we conducted a preclinical investigation of the therapeutic efficacy of oligonucleotides directed against the oncogenic microRNA miR-221, which has been implicated in HCC. Of 9 chemistries evaluated, we determined that a 2′-O-methyl phosphorothioate-modified anti-miR-221 oligonucleotide was most effective at reducing proliferation in vitro. A cholesterol-modified isoform of anti-miR-221 (chol-anti-miR-221) exhibited improved pharmacokinetics and liver tissue distribution compared with unmodified oligonucleotide. Chol-anti-miR-221 significantly reduced miR-221 levels in liver within a week of intravenous administration and in situhybridization studies confirmed accumulation of the oligonucleotide in tumor cells in vivo. Within the same period, chol-anti-miR-221 reduced tumor cell proliferation and increased markers of apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest, elevating the tumor doubling time and increasing mouse survival. Taken together, our findings offer a preclinical proof of efficacy for chol-anti-miR-221 in a valid orthotopic mouse model of HCC, suggesting that this targeted agent could benefit treatment for patients with advanced HCC. Cancer Res; 71(24); 7608–16. ©2011 AACR.