2012年1月4日,,據(jù)《每日科學》報道,,在消化過程中由肝臟自然產(chǎn)生,其作用已被嚴重低估,。發(fā)表在Oncotarget期刊上的一項研究表明,,LCA可以殺死數(shù)種類型的癌細胞,如那些發(fā)現(xiàn)于腦腫瘤和乳腺癌中的癌細胞,。
該研究小組,,由Concordia大學領導,同時包括來自麥吉爾大學,、蒙特利爾猶太總醫(yī)院戴維斯研究所及Saskatchewan大學的科學家,。
這個團隊以前的研究表明,,LCA可以延長老化酵母的生命周期。這一次,,該研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)LCA具有非常強的選擇性地殺死癌細胞,,同時對正常細胞毫發(fā)無損。這可能預示著化療藥物的一個巨大的進步,。
"LCA不僅能殺死癌細胞,,也可以防止整個腫瘤的生長,"通訊作者Vladimir Titorenko說,,生物系教授及Concordia大學基因組學,、細胞生物學和老化的研究主席。
更重要的是,,LCA能夠阻止腫瘤釋放出引起鄰近癌細胞生長和增殖的物質(zhì),。 Titorenko說LCA是唯一的靶向腫瘤細胞的化合物,可以轉(zhuǎn)化為終止-腫瘤的力量,。
"防止癌細胞擴散到身體的其他部位,這是非常重要的,,"他說,,不像其他的抗衰老化合物,LCA能終止癌細胞的生長,,但仍讓正常細胞繼續(xù)生長,。
在不同類型癌癥中的廣泛作用
研究小組下一步將在小鼠模型中測試LCA對不同癌癥的效果。 Titorenko期望,,LCA也能夠殺死這些實驗中的癌細胞,,并最終走向人體臨床試驗。 "我們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),,LCA不僅能殺死腫瘤(神經(jīng)母細胞瘤),,也可以殺死人類乳腺癌細胞,"Titorenko說,。 "這表明,,它對不同類型的癌癥有廣泛的作用。"
Titorenko強調(diào),,與化療所用藥物不同,,LCA是一種天然化合物,已經(jīng)存在于我們的體內(nèi),。有研究表明,,LCA可以通過添加到食物中由小鼠安全的攝取。那么為什么LCA對癌細胞是致命的,?Titorenko推測,,癌細胞有更多的LCA感受器,,這使得它們比正常細胞對化合物更敏感。
LCA感受器發(fā)出信號至線粒體--所有細胞的能量工廠,。似乎當這些信號過強時,,線粒體就會自毀,隨之整個細胞崩解,。簡而言之,,Titorenko和他的同事們正致力于研究通過癌細胞對LCA的一個弱點來破壞癌細胞。
這一研究得到了加拿大衛(wèi)生研究院,、加拿大自然科學和工程研究理事會,、Concordia大學研究講座計劃的資助。(生物谷bioon.com)
PMID:21992775
PMC:
PMID:
Lithocholic bile acid selectively kills neuroblastoma cells, while sparing normal neuronal cells
Goldberg AA, Beach A, Davies GF, Harkness TA, Leblanc A, Titorenko VI
Abstract: Aging is one of the major risk factors of cancer. The onset of cancer can be postponed by pharmacological and dietary anti-aging interventions. We recently found in yeast cellular models of aging that lithocholic acid (LCA) extends longevity. Here we show that, at concentrations that are not cytotoxic to primary cultures of human neurons, LCA kills the neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines BE(2)-m17, SK-n-SH, SK-n-MCIXC and Lan-1. In BE(2)-m17, SK-n-SH and SK-n-MCIXC cells, the LCA anti-tumor effect is due to apoptotic cell death. In contrast, the LCA-triggered death of Lan-1 cells is not caused by apoptosis. While low concentrations of LCA sensitize BE(2)-m17 and SK-n-MCIXC cells to hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death controlled by mitochondria, these LCA concentrations make primary cultures of human neurons resistant to such a form of cell death. LCA kills BE(2)-m17 and SK-n-MCIXC cell lines by triggering not only the intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic cell death pathway driven by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and initiator caspase-9 activation, but also the extrinsic (death receptor) pathway of apoptosis involving activation of the initiator caspase-8. Based on these data, we propose a mechanism underlying a potent and selective anti-tumor effect of LCA in cultured human NB cells. Moreover, our finding that LCA kills cultured human breast cancer and rat glioma cells implies that it has a broad anti-tumor effect on cancer cells derived from different tissues and organisms.