由美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院資助的一項研究表明：維生素D減少老鼠良性子宮肌瘤的大小,。
子宮肌瘤是育齡婦女最常見的非癌性腫瘤。肌瘤主要生長在子宮壁內(nèi)和周圍,。百分之三十的25至44歲女性年齡有肌瘤相關(guān)癥狀如腰痛,、嚴重的陰道出血或月經(jīng)周期疼痛。子宮肌瘤會導致不孕,、流產(chǎn)或早產(chǎn)等懷孕并發(fā)癥,。手術(shù)切除子宮后，還有一些婦女會罹患子宮肌瘤相關(guān)癥狀，每年約20萬美國婦女需要接受手術(shù)治療,。
美國黑人婦女罹患肌瘤的概率是白人婦女的三至四倍,。此外，缺乏維生素D的非洲裔婦女罹患肌瘤的概率是白人婦女的10倍,。以往研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)維生素D能抑制體外培養(yǎng)的人類子宮肌瘤細胞生長,。
美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院的尤尼斯肯尼施萊佛的生殖科學科主任Louis De Paolo博士說：“研究結(jié)果提供了一個新的非手術(shù)療法來治療子宮肌瘤，這種非手術(shù)療法不影響生育”,。
第一作者Sunil K. Halder博士與Chakradhari Sharan博士,、Ayman Al-Hendy醫(yī)學博士、納什維爾的范德比爾特大學醫(yī)學中心Kevin G. Osteen博士在納什維爾梅哈里醫(yī)學院一起完成了該項研究,。研究結(jié)果刊登在Biology of Reproduction雜志上,。
在這項研究中，研究人員探究了維生素D對有罹患纖維瘤易感基因的大鼠的作用,。檢查并確認其中有12只老鼠患有肌瘤后,，研究人員將老鼠分為兩組，每組六者,，一組給予維生素D,，一組不給當中對照組,。
在第一組,，植入皮膚下的小泵持續(xù)向老鼠體內(nèi)輸送連續(xù)劑量的維生素D，共持續(xù)三個星期,。然后,，研究人員檢查兩組動物。在未經(jīng)處理的大鼠,，肌瘤大小明顯增加,。但是，給予維生素D的大鼠,，腫瘤體積已大幅縮水,。平均而言，給予維生素D組的老鼠子宮肌瘤體積均比模型組小75％,。
大鼠每天的維生素D量大約相當于人類的1400個國際單位的劑量,。雖然4,000多個單位被認為對9歲以上兒童、成人,、孕婦和哺乳期女性是安全的,，但研究人員建議70歲成人和青少年攝取維生素D的量每天為600個單位。
Al-Hendy博士說：“需要更多的研究以確認維生素D對罹患子宮肌瘤的婦女潛在治療作用,，亨迪,。維生素D也是維持肌肉、骨骼和免疫系統(tǒng)健康的重要養(yǎng)分，吸收足夠量的維生素是很重要的,。
如鮭魚,、鯖魚和金槍魚等富含脂肪的魚是維生素最好的天然來源。極少數(shù)的食物會天然含有維生素D,。陽光中的紫外線照射皮膚時,，也產(chǎn)生維生素D。(生物谷：Bioon）
doi:10.1095/biolreprod.111.098145
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PMID:
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Treatment Shrinks Uterine Leiomyoma Tumors in the Eker Rat Model.
S. K. Halder, C. Sharan, A. Al-Hendy
Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) are the most common benign tumors in women of reproductive age. These tumors are three to four times more prevalent in African American women, who also have a ten times higher incidence of hypovitaminosis D than white women. Recent studies have demonstrated the anti-tumor effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on several cancers, but its effects on uterine leiomyomas are still unknown. To determine the anti-tumor and therapeutic effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on uterine leiomyomas, female Eker rats (14-16 mo old) harboring uterine leiomyomas were randomized into control and experimental groups and were given vehicle versus 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (0.5 μg/kg/day) subcutaneously for three weeks, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed, and the leiomyoma tumors were analyzed. Treatment with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 significantly reduced leiomyoma tumor size in Eker rats. It also reduced leiomyoma size by suppressing cell growth and proliferation-related genes (Pcna, cyclin D1 [Ccnd1], Myc, Cdk1, Cdk2, and Cdk4), anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl2 and Bcl2l1 [Bcl-x]) and estrogen and progesterone receptors. Additionally, immunohistochemistry revealed decreased expression of PCNA and MKI67 (a marker of proliferation) and increased expression of caspase 3 in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-treated Eker rat leiomyomas. Toxicity analyses using serum samples showed similar levels of SGOT, SGPT, calcium and total bilirubin in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-treated and vehicle-treated control Eker rats. These results support that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is an antitumor agent that may be a potential safe, non-surgical therapeutic option for the treatment of uterine leiomyomas.
