楊慕華研究團(tuán)隊(duì),左起:臨醫(yī)所博士生楊文豪,、楊慕華與研究助理藍(lán)欣怡
臺(tái)灣陽(yáng)明大學(xué)臨床醫(yī)學(xué)研究所楊慕及所領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究團(tuán)隊(duì),,在頭頸癌臨床醫(yī)學(xué)研究上有重大的突破,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)頭頸癌局部侵犯的關(guān)鍵“Twist1”蛋白,,并發(fā)現(xiàn)抑制“RAC1”蛋白可作為頭頸癌治療的新標(biāo)的,。相關(guān)研究成果3月11日在線發(fā)表于《Nature Cell Biology》。
頭頸癌包括口腔癌及咽喉癌,,近年來(lái)在臺(tái)灣發(fā)生率快速上升,,成為國(guó)人男性癌癥第四大死因。許多頭頸癌病患是到晚期有明顯癥狀時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn),。晚期頭頸癌的特征為腫瘤在局部快速生長(zhǎng),,造成頭頸組織壓迫、破壞與功能喪失,。因頭頸口咽部位為吞咽與構(gòu)音相關(guān)的重要器官,,晚期頭頸癌常造成吞咽與發(fā)聲困難,并引起外觀上的巨大變化,,對(duì)病患生理及心理都造成極大威脅,。另外,對(duì)于晚期頭頸癌,,手術(shù),、化療以及放射治療的效果均不彰,是臨床醫(yī)師們最為棘手的病況,。
楊慕華與研究團(tuán)隊(duì)成員(包括臨醫(yī)所博士生楊文豪與研究助理藍(lán)欣怡),,結(jié)合對(duì)頭頸癌長(zhǎng)期的臨床觀察與細(xì)胞生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)頭頸癌之所以具有局部高侵襲性的特殊臨床表徵,,是因癌細(xì)胞內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)錄因子Twist1藉由抑制微型RNA let-7i表現(xiàn),,引發(fā)RAC1活化,使頭頸癌細(xì)胞在三維細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)系統(tǒng)中產(chǎn)生“間質(zhì)型運(yùn)動(dòng)模式”,。Twist1引發(fā)之“間質(zhì)型運(yùn)動(dòng)模式”與頭頸癌之局部侵犯性有高度相關(guān),,而使用RAC1抑制劑可阻斷Twist1引發(fā)之間質(zhì)運(yùn)動(dòng)。團(tuán)隊(duì)也在臨床頭頸癌組織印證上述發(fā)現(xiàn):癌組織中若是同時(shí)有Twist1大量表現(xiàn),,以及l(fā)et-7i表現(xiàn)減低之情況,,病患腫瘤局部侵犯的情形最為嚴(yán)重。
楊慕華表示,這項(xiàng)研究具有科學(xué)上與臨床上雙重價(jià)值:在科學(xué)上,,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了頭頸癌特有的局部侵襲性的分子機(jī)轉(zhuǎn),,而臨床上,他們提供了RAC1做為頭頸癌新的治療標(biāo)的,。因頭頸癌為國(guó)人好發(fā)疾病,,在歐美相對(duì)發(fā)生率較低,分子機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)的研究相對(duì)也較少,,這項(xiàng)研究對(duì)于發(fā)展頭頸癌的個(gè)人化醫(yī)療,,以及頭頸癌專一標(biāo)靶藥物研發(fā),將有重大助益,。 (生物谷 bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/ncb2455
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RAC1 activation mediates Twist1-induced cancer cell migration
Wen-Hao Yang,Hsin-Yi Lan,Chi-Hung Huang,Shyh-Kuan Tai,Cheng-Hwai Tzeng,Shou-Yen Kao,Kou-Juey Wu,Mien-Chie Hung& Muh-Hwa Yang
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is characterized by the suppression of the adhesion protein E-cadherin, is a crucial process that promotes metastasis and stem-like properties of cancer cells. However, the dissociation of cellular aggregates is not sufficient to explain why cancer cells move, and the motile nature of cancer cells undergoing EMT remains elusive. Here, we identify a mechanism in which the EMT inducer Twist1 elicits cancer cell movement through activation of RAC1. Twist1 cooperates with BMI1 to suppress let-7i expression, which results in upregulation of NEDD9 and DOCK3, leading to RAC1 activation and enabling mesenchymal-mode movement in three-dimensional environments. Moreover, the suppression of let-7i contributes to Twist1-induced stem-like properties. Clinically, activation of the Twist1–let-7i–NEDD9 axis in head and neck cancer patients correlates with tumour invasiveness and worse outcome. Our results uncover an essential mechanism to explain how Twist1 induces the motile stem-like cancer cell phenotype beyond simply suppressing E-cadherin.