黃酮類化合物（flavonoids）是一類存在于自然界的,、具有2-苯基色原酮（flavone）結(jié)構(gòu)的化合物,。黃酮類化合物在植物體中通常與糖結(jié)合成苷類，小部分以游離態(tài)（苷元）的形式存在,。絕大多數(shù)植物體內(nèi)都含有黃酮類化合物,，它在植物的生長、發(fā)育,、開花,、結(jié)果以及抗菌防病等方起著重要的作用。
近年來,，黃酮類化合物的抗腫瘤機(jī)制逐步得到研究人員重視,，如槲皮素的抗腫瘤活性與其抗氧化作用、抑制相關(guān)酶的活性,、降低腫瘤細(xì)胞耐藥性,、誘導(dǎo)腫瘤細(xì)胞凋亡及雌激素樣作用等有關(guān)；水飛薊素的抗腫瘤活性與其抗氧化作用,、抑制相關(guān)酶活性,、誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞周期阻滯等有關(guān)。
近日,，PLoS One刊出的一則研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一種新的黃酮類物質(zhì)蛇葡萄素（Ampelopsin）具有良好的抗腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移作用,。
該研究的目的是評估一種新的類黃酮物質(zhì)蛇葡萄素對前列腺癌細(xì)胞的生長和轉(zhuǎn)移的化學(xué)預(yù)防作用,。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蛇葡萄素對雄激素敏感的LNCaP細(xì)胞來說能更有效地抑制腫瘤細(xì)胞的增殖，而對雄激素非依賴性的人前列腺癌PC-3細(xì)胞株抑制增殖效果不怎么明顯,，抑制增殖的主要機(jī)制為誘導(dǎo)腫瘤細(xì)胞凋亡,，下調(diào)bcl-2等相關(guān)蛋白的表達(dá)。
另一方面,，蛇葡萄素對正常前列腺上皮細(xì)胞增殖的抑制影響遠(yuǎn)小于對前列腺癌細(xì)胞株的抑制影響,。在體外，蛇葡萄素也抑制PC-3細(xì)胞的遷移和侵襲,，這與降低腫瘤細(xì)胞CXCR4的表達(dá)有關(guān)。
在動物研究中,，研究人員使用原位前列腺腫瘤模型,，給予老鼠蛇葡萄素（150和300毫克/千克），結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)蛇葡萄素能抑制PC-3腫瘤的生長,，減少淋巴結(jié)和肺轉(zhuǎn)移,，并且呈劑量依賴性。與對照組相比,，給予300毫克/千克蛇葡萄素治療的小鼠瘤重減少了49.2％,，淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移減少了54.5％，肺轉(zhuǎn)移減少了93％,。在體內(nèi)蛇葡萄素抗生長和抗轉(zhuǎn)移的藥效均與誘導(dǎo)腫瘤細(xì)胞凋亡和抑制前列腺癌細(xì)胞生長有關(guān),，也與減少前列腺腫瘤血管生成有關(guān)。研究結(jié)果提供有希望將蛇葡萄素開發(fā)成一種新的有效和安全的抗前列腺癌轉(zhuǎn)移藥物,。（生物谷：Bioon.com）
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038802
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Flavonoid ampelopsin inhibits the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer in vitro and in mice.
Ni F, Gong Y, Li L, Abdolmaleky HM, Zhou JR.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemopreventive effect of a novel flavonoid, ampelopsin (AMP) on the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells. AMP showed the more potent activity in inhibiting the proliferation of androgen-sensitive LNCaP and, to less extent, androgen-independent PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines in vitro, primarily by induction of apoptosis associated with down-regulation of bcl-2. On the other hand, AMP showed much less activity in inhibiting the proliferation of normal prostate epithelial cells than that of prostate cancer cell lines. AMP also inhibited the migration and invasion of PC-3 cells in vitro associated with down-regulation of CXCR4 expression. In the animal study using an orthotopic prostate tumor model, AMP (150 and 300 mg/kg body weight) inhibited the growth of PC-3 tumors and lymph node and lung metastases in a dose-dependent manner. Compared to the control mice, mice treated with AMP at 300 mg/kg BW had reduced final tumor weight by 49.2% (P<0.05), lymph node metastases by 54.5% (P = 0.3) and lung metastases by 93% (P<0.05), but had no apparent alteration on food intake or body weight. The in vivo anti-growth and anti-metastasis activities of AMP were associated with induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation of prostate cancer cells, reduction of prostate tumor angiogenesis, and reduction of CXCR4 expression. Our results provide supporting evidence to warrant further investigation to develop AMP as a novel efficacious and safe candidate agent against progression and metastasis of prostate cancer.
