轉(zhuǎn)移發(fā)生時腫瘤細胞通過血液“移植”到其他器官,??茖W(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)腫瘤細胞從血管侵入組織的伎倆:腫瘤細胞產(chǎn)生信號蛋白使動脈壁通透性增加,,從而清除他們到達不同的器官的通路,。最新研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在本期的Cancer Cell雜志上。
一個腫瘤細胞是如何建立一個信號通路來便于自身轉(zhuǎn)移的呢,?慕尼黑工業(yè)大學(xué)Klinikum rechts der Isar和 Helmholtz Zentrum München科學(xué)家們通過研究結(jié)腸癌在這一領(lǐng)域取得了重大發(fā)現(xiàn),。他們了解到腫瘤細胞釋放趨化因子。在轉(zhuǎn)移性結(jié)腸癌細胞中,,所釋放的趨化因子是CCL2,。CCL2趨化因子與血管壁(內(nèi)皮細胞)相結(jié)合,激活相應(yīng)的受體(CCR2受體),。使得內(nèi)皮細胞的滲透 性增加,,便于腫瘤細胞轉(zhuǎn)移。
Mathias Heikenwälder教授解釋說:腫瘤細胞遷移過程中采用一個聰明的伎倆即腫瘤細胞接受健康細胞所發(fā)出的信號與內(nèi)皮細胞相互作用,。迄今為止,,研究主要集中在腫瘤趨化因子募集巨噬細胞。通過理解趨化因子受體與血管內(nèi)皮細胞的作用,,我們有可能發(fā)現(xiàn)一個全新的方法來治療癌癥,。
測量趨化因子的數(shù)量,可以讓我們預(yù)測原發(fā)腫瘤蔓延到其他器官以及預(yù)測患者轉(zhuǎn)移的風(fēng)險,,此外,,阻斷血管內(nèi)皮細胞的趨化因子受體CCR2可能為醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員提供了新的治療方式。
在他們的研究中,,科學(xué)家使用了結(jié)腸癌組織和結(jié)腸癌的小鼠和人類細胞株,。接下來的步驟將研究結(jié)果如何擴展到其他類型的癌癥上。(生物谷:Bioon.com)
doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2012.05.023
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Endothelial CCR2 Signaling Induced by Colon Carcinoma Cells Enables Extravasation via the JAK2-Stat5 and p38MAPK Pathway
Monika Julia Wolf, Alexandra Hoos, Judith Bauer, Steffen Boettcher, Markus Knust, Achim Weber, Nicole Simonavicius, Christoph Schneider, Matthias Lang, Michael Stürzl, Roland S. Croner, Andreas Konrad, Markus G. Manz, Holger Moch, Adriano Aguzzi, Geert van Loo, Manolis Pasparakis, Marco Prinz, Lubor Borsig, Mathias Heikenwalder
Increased expression of the chemokine CCL2 in tumor cells correlates with enhanced metastasis, poor prognosis, and recruitment of CCR2+Ly6Chi monocytes. However, the mechanisms driving tumor cell extravasation through the endothelium remain elusive. Here, we describe CCL2 upregulation in metastatic UICC stage IV colon carcinomas and demonstrate that tumor cell-derived CCL2 activates the CCR2+ endothelium to increase vascular permeability in vivo. CCR2 deficiency prevents colon carcinoma extravasation and metastasis. Of note, CCR2 expression on radio-resistant cells or endothelial CCR2 expression restores extravasation and metastasis in Ccr2/ mice. Reduction of CCR2 expression on myeloid cells decreases but does not prevent metastasis. CCL2-induced vascular permeability and metastasis is dependent on JAK2-Stat5 and p38MAPK signaling. Our study identifies potential targets for treating CCL2-dependent metastasis.