近日,,貝爾法斯特女王大學(xué)科學(xué)家們獲得一個(gè)重大突破,,可能導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生喉嚨和宮頸癌更有效的治療方法,。這一新療法將針對(duì)腫瘤組織周圍的非癌細(xì)胞以及腫瘤本身,。
癌癥研究和細(xì)胞生物學(xué)中心研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)喉嚨和子宮頸癌癥周圍的非癌組織或“基質(zhì)”對(duì)調(diào)節(jié)癌細(xì)胞的擴(kuò)散起著重要作用,。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為開發(fā)新的針對(duì)這種非癌組織的治療方法鋪平了道路。
Dennis McCance教授領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了該項(xiàng)研究,,研究論文發(fā)表在European Molecular Biology Organization Journal雜志上,。McCance教授說:癌細(xì)胞的擴(kuò)散是腫瘤細(xì)胞和周圍組織的非癌變細(xì)胞之間的雙向溝通的結(jié)果,。
我們已經(jīng)知道,癌細(xì)胞有內(nèi)在的侵入鄰近健康組織的特性,。但非癌組織中的細(xì)胞也會(huì)發(fā)出一些信號(hào)給癌細(xì)胞,,積極促進(jìn)這些癌細(xì)胞入侵健康組織。如果健康組織發(fā)送到腫瘤的這些信號(hào)可切換關(guān)閉,,那么癌細(xì)胞擴(kuò)散將受到抑制,。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在非癌組織中一個(gè)特定蛋白質(zhì)可以打開或關(guān)閉健康組織和腫瘤之間的溝通途徑,。當(dāng)非癌組織中視網(wǎng)膜母細(xì)胞瘤蛋白(retinoblastoma protein)被激活時(shí),,癌細(xì)胞侵襲的促進(jìn)因素減少了。因此,,癌癥就不擴(kuò)散了,。
Rb蛋白被發(fā)現(xiàn)在癌癥和非癌癥組織都存在。其在調(diào)節(jié)腫瘤內(nèi)癌細(xì)胞的生長起了重要作用,,但是這是第一次,,科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)確定在健康組織中Rb蛋白具有促進(jìn)或抑制癌細(xì)胞擴(kuò)散的作用。
研究人員表示專門針對(duì)Rb蛋白控制的途徑,,這將有可能中斷周圍正常組織發(fā)送給腫瘤組織的信號(hào),抑制癌細(xì)胞侵入健康組織,,抑制腫瘤的擴(kuò)散,。
我們的研究集中于咽喉和子宮頸癌癥,但Rb或其他蛋白質(zhì)在其他類型的癌癥周圍健康組織中也起到類似調(diào)節(jié)腫瘤細(xì)胞擴(kuò)散的作用,。因此,,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了喉嚨和子宮頸癌,這一點(diǎn)是我們打算進(jìn)一步研究調(diào)查的,。(生物谷:Bioon.com)
編譯自:Research makes significant cancer breakthrough
doi:10.1038/emboj.2012.153
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Inactivation of Rb in stromal fibroblasts promotes epithelial cell invasion
Adam Pickard, Ann-Christin Cichon, Anna Barry, Declan Kieran, Daksha Patel, Peter Hamilton, Manuel Salto-Tellez, Jacqueline James and Dennis J McCance
Stromal-derived growth factors are required for normal epithelial growth but are also implicated in tumour progression. We have observed inactivation of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), through phosphorylation, in cancer-associated fibroblasts in oro-pharyngeal cancer specimens. Rb is well known for its cell-autonomous effects on cancer initiation and progression; however, cell non-autonomous functions of Rb are not well described. We have identified a cell non-autonomous role of Rb, using three-dimensional cultures, where depletion of Rb in stromal fibroblasts enhances invasive potential of transformed epithelia. In part, this is mediated by upregulation of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), which is produced by the depleted fibroblasts. KGF drives invasion of epithelial cells through induction of MMP1 expression in an AKT- and Ets2-dependent manner. Our data identify that stromal fibroblasts can alter the invasive behaviour of the epithelium, and we show that altered expression of KGF can mediate these functions.