2012年9月11日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --當腫瘤轉移或者在機體其它區(qū)域進行擴散時,,最終使得癌癥病人死亡的原因往往不是原發(fā)性的腫瘤,。近日,來自威爾康乃爾醫(yī)學院的研究者將注意力轉移到了結直腸癌的發(fā)病原因上,,他們重點研究了癌癥細胞如何通過識別關鍵的化學信號分子來進行腫瘤的轉移,。同時研究者也開發(fā)出了低成本、無需進行手術的遺傳開關來對結直腸癌癌細胞的行為進行開關控制,。相關研究成果刊登在了9月4日的國際雜志Journal of Clinical Investigation上,。
在這項研究中,研究者發(fā)現了一種稱為炎癥趨化因子相關的特殊信號分子機制可以誘導結直腸癌細胞進行轉移,。炎癥趨化因子是一種可移動的因子,,因為其可以幫助細胞在集體中進行移動,其對于機體抵御感染的免疫效應非常重要,。
研究者確定了一種特殊的炎癥趨化因子受體CCR9和炎癥趨化因子配體CCL25之間的聯(lián)系,這種聯(lián)系和結直腸癌愛細胞轉移有關,。炎癥趨化因子的正常表達可以使得癌細胞處于腸道之中,,但是一旦細胞缺失CCR9的表達,那么癌細胞將會擴散,。換句話說,,癌細胞就會“劫持”信號分子機制。
這些昂研究發(fā)現為抗癌癥轉移療法提供了一定的思路,,研究者Chen用工程學技術制造出了攜帶有CCL25和CCR9轉移開關的小鼠,,當小鼠體內注射入癌癥細胞后,這些開關就可以進行開關,。首先,,細胞表達CCR9受體,此時癌細胞僅僅處于腸道中,,關閉開關后會使得癌細胞失去信號分子機制,,隨后癌癥轉移便開始發(fā)生。
研究者表示,這種新型技術(新型開關)可以消除傳統(tǒng)研究癌癥轉移方法的瓶頸,,傳統(tǒng)的治療方法比昂貴,,使用新型開關,我們就可以更深入地研究癌癥的轉移以為開發(fā)新型抗癌療法提供更大的幫助,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
編譯自:Metastatic 'switch' could lead to cancer therapies
doi:10.1172/JCI62110
PMC:
PMID:
Chemokine 25–induced signaling suppresses colon cancer invasion and metastasis
Huanhuan Joyce Chen1,2, Robert Edwards3, Serena Tucci4,5, Pengcheng Bu2,6, Jeff Milsom7, Sang Lee7, Winfried Edelmann8, Zeynep H. Gümüs4,5, Xiling Shen2,6 and Steven Lipkin1
Chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) can help regulate tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Here, we show that chemokine 25 (CCL25) and its cognate receptor chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) inhibit colorectal cancer (CRC) invasion and metastasis. We found that CCR9 protein expression levels were highest in colon adenomas and progressively decreased in invasive and metastatic CRCs. CCR9 was expressed in both primary tumor cell cultures and colon-cancer-initiating cell (CCIC) lines derived from early-stage CRCs but not from metastatic CRC. CCL25 stimulated cell proliferation by activating AKT signaling. In vivo, systemically injected CCR9+ early-stage CCICs led to the formation of orthotopic gastrointestinal xenograft tumors. Blocking CCR9 signaling inhibited CRC tumor formation in the native gastrointestinal CCL25+ microenvironment, while increasing extraintestinal tumor incidence. NOTCH signaling, which promotes CRC metastasis, increased extraintestinal tumor frequency by stimulating CCR9 proteasomal degradation. Overall, these data indicate that CCL25 and CCR9 regulate CRC progression and invasion and further demonstrate an appropriate in vivo experimental system to study CRC progression in the native colon microenvironment.