日本研究人員一項最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn),某個基因與遭受輻射很長時間后才會發(fā)病的“遲發(fā)性”白血病有關(guān),。這將有助于對遭受輻射者進行健康管理,,并對白血病進行早期預防、發(fā)現(xiàn)和治療,。
在遭受核輻射和在放射線治療中遭受大量輻射后,,有些人經(jīng)過很長時間才會出現(xiàn)白血病和骨髓增生異常綜合征(MDS)。廣島和長崎原子彈爆炸親歷者中就有很多這樣的患者,。廣島大學教授稻葉俊哉等人發(fā)現(xiàn),,很多患者的7號染色體異常,并鎖定7號染色體上負責調(diào)整細胞分裂的一對“Samd9L”基因可能是致病原因,。
研究人員通過基因操作獲得這種基因異常的實驗鼠,,并與正常實驗鼠進行對比研究。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),,健康的實驗鼠在出生25個月后,,因白血病和MDS而死亡的比率只有約7%,而缺乏一個“Samd9L”基因和缺乏一對該基因的實驗鼠,,這一數(shù)字則分別是53%和60%,。
不過,這些缺乏一個或一對“Samd9L”基因的實驗鼠在一年之內(nèi)都沒有出現(xiàn)死亡,,而且也幾乎未患其他惡性腫瘤,。稻葉俊哉說,雖然該基因比其他基因致癌的能力弱,,但卻能帶來長期影響,。
這項研究成果已發(fā)表在美國《癌細胞》雜志網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Cancer Cell 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.08.011
Haploinsufficiency of SAMD9L, an Endosome Fusion Facilitator, Causes Myeloid Malignancies in Mice Mimicking Human Diseases with Monosomy 7
Akiko Nagamachi, Hirotaka Matsui, Hiroya Asou, Yuko Ozaki, Daisuke Aki, Akinori Kanai, Keiyo Takubo, Toshio Suda, Takuro Nakamura, Linda Wolff, Hiroaki Honda, Toshiya Inaba
Monosomy 7 and interstitial deletion of 7q (−7/7q−) are well-recognized nonrandom chromosomal abnormalities frequently found among patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and myeloid leukemias. We previously identified candidate myeloid tumor suppressor genes (SAMD9, SAMD9-like = SAMD9L, and Miki) in the 7q21.3 subband. We established SAMD9L-deficient mice and found that SAMD9L+/− mice as well as SAMD9L−/− mice develop myeloid diseases resembling human diseases associated with −7/7q−. SAMD9L-deficient hematopoietic stem cells showed enhanced colony formation potential and in vivo reconstitution ability. SAMD9L localizes in early endosomes. SAMD9L-deficient cells showed delays in homotypic endosome fusion, resulting in persistence of ligand-bound cytokine receptors. These findings suggest that haploinsufficiency of SAMD9L and/or SAMD9 gene(s) contributes to myeloid transformation.