2009年5月29日,,北京生命科學(xué)研究所葉克窮實(shí)驗(yàn)室在Molecular Cell雜志上發(fā)表題為“Structural mechanism of substrate RNA recruitment in H/ACA RNA-guided pseudouridine synthase”的文章。該研究提出的三維結(jié)構(gòu)模型揭示了一種非編碼RNA如何幫助蛋白質(zhì)尋找特異底物分子,。
隨著生命科學(xué)研究的不斷深入,, RNA對(duì)生命活動(dòng)的意義已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了原有的理解:他們不僅僅作為編碼蛋白質(zhì)的模板,,許多不編碼蛋白質(zhì)的RNA在生命過(guò)程也有重要的功能。非編碼RNA究竟擔(dān)當(dāng)什么樣的生物學(xué)功能引起了生物學(xué)家的極大的興趣,。由葉克窮博士領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究小組在研究一類稱為H/ACA RNA的非編碼RNA,。已經(jīng)知道H/ACA RNA可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)蛋白質(zhì)——即假尿嘧啶合成酶Cbf5——在底物RNA上面找到目標(biāo)尿嘧啶,然后Cbf5將其修飾為假尿嘧啶,。H/ACA RNA含有一段介導(dǎo)序列,,這段序列通過(guò)和底物上目標(biāo)尿嘧啶兩邊的堿基序列互補(bǔ)配對(duì)而實(shí)現(xiàn)特異性底物選擇。H/ACA RNA除了和假尿嘧啶合酶Cbf5,,還有另外三個(gè)輔助蛋白質(zhì)Nop10,、L7ae和Gar1形成大約10納米大小的分子機(jī)器來(lái)完成底物特異識(shí)別和修飾。
該研究小組應(yīng)用X射線晶體學(xué)的手段解析H/ACA復(fù)合體的三維空間結(jié)構(gòu),。他們以前解析了一個(gè)完整復(fù)合體的晶體結(jié)構(gòu),,對(duì)該復(fù)合體中各組分之間的相互作用已經(jīng)有了清楚的了解,但是以前的結(jié)構(gòu)沒(méi)有結(jié)合底物分子,,因此對(duì)底物加載過(guò)程還知之甚少,。這次他們解析了處于活性狀態(tài)的結(jié)合底物的結(jié)構(gòu)。新的結(jié)構(gòu)顯示底物RNA和H/ACA RNA上面的介導(dǎo)序列互補(bǔ)配對(duì)形成兩段螺旋結(jié)構(gòu),,并且蛋白質(zhì)和底物RNA形成眾多相互作用,,使目標(biāo)尿嘧啶恰好放在了活性中心。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)Cbf5上一個(gè)突環(huán)的構(gòu)象在底物結(jié)合前后發(fā)生劇烈的變化:沒(méi)有底物結(jié)合時(shí),,突環(huán)錨定在Gar1上面,;而底物結(jié)合后,突環(huán)緊扣在處于活性中心的底物RNA,。他們推測(cè)這個(gè)突環(huán)象個(gè)開關(guān)控制著底物的加載和釋放,。進(jìn)一步的生化研究結(jié)果也支持這一推測(cè),突環(huán)和Gar1突變顯著降低了修飾反應(yīng)的速率,。因此該小組最新的研究工作大大加深了對(duì)由H/ACA RNA引導(dǎo)的假尿嘧啶合成酶的工作機(jī)制的認(rèn)識(shí),。
該文章的第一作者段景琦是北京生命科學(xué)研究所和北京大學(xué)聯(lián)合培養(yǎng)的博士生,,論文的其他作者還有李玲博士,博士研究生盧靜和王偉,,葉克窮博士為本文的通訊作者,。該項(xiàng)研究由科技部863項(xiàng)目和北京市政府資助,在北京生命科學(xué)研究所完成,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Molecular Cell, 29 May 2009 doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2009.05.005
tructural Mechanism of Substrate RNA Recruitment in H/ACA RNA-Guided Pseudouridine Synthase
Jingqi Duan1,2,Ling Li2,Jing Lu2,3,Wei Wang2,3andKeqiong Ye2,,
1 College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2 National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
3 Graduate Program in Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
H/ACA RNAs form ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP) with proteins Cbf5, Nop10, L7Ae, and Gar1 and guide site-specific conversion of uridine into pseudouridine in cellular RNAs. The crystal structures of H/ACA RNP with substrate bound at the active site cleft reveal that the substrate is recruited through sequence-specific pairing with guide RNA and essential protein contacts. Substrate binding leads to a reorganization of a preset pseudouridylation pocket and an adaptive movement of the PUA domain and the lower stem of the H/ACA RNA. Moreover, a thumb loop flips from the Gar1-bound state in the substrate-free RNP structure to tightly associate with the substrate. Mutagenesis and enzyme kinetics analysis suggest a critical role of Gar1 and the thumb in substrate turnover, particularly in product release. Comparison with tRNA 55 synthase TruB reveals the structural conservation and adaptation between an RNA-guided and stand-alone pseudouridine synthase and provides insight into the guide-independent activity of Cbf5.