域特征與哺乳動物有所不同,哺乳動物hepcidin同時具有鐵調(diào)節(jié)和殺菌功能,,而魚類的hepcidin基因則在進(jìn)化中將這兩個功能分離,。圖片來源:J&L Images)
鐵調(diào)激素hepcidin是一種調(diào)節(jié)體內(nèi)鐵平衡的激素,它在維持鐵穩(wěn)定平衡方面起著關(guān)鍵作用,。hepcidin由肝臟特異性表達(dá),,并且通過與鐵轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白(ferroportin)結(jié)合,誘導(dǎo)其發(fā)生降解從而降低鐵的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn),,并最終實(shí)現(xiàn)鐵在腸道吸收或者肝臟,、脾臟以及骨髓中的巨噬細(xì)胞鐵釋放的調(diào)節(jié)。Hepcidin在多種疾病中發(fā)揮重要作用,,包括慢性貧血等,。
在2008年8月6日出版的《細(xì)胞—代謝》(Cell Metabolism)上,來自美國的De Domenico等科學(xué)家發(fā)表文章表示,,他們找到了鐵轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白ferroportin上的hepcidin結(jié)合區(qū)域(HBD),,并且研究小組還發(fā)現(xiàn)變溫動物hepcidin的HBD結(jié)合特征與哺乳動物hepcidin有所不同。
哺乳動物的鐵穩(wěn)定平衡受到肝臟產(chǎn)生的hepcidin以及其受體之間相互作用的調(diào)控,,hepcidin結(jié)合到受體ferroportin上將導(dǎo)致ferroportin的降解,,從而降低細(xì)胞內(nèi)的鐵輸運(yùn)。在研究中科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),,一種與HBD有關(guān)的19氨基酸合成的多肽,,能反映hepcidin與細(xì)胞表面的ferroportin結(jié)合的特征及特異性。其中,,哺乳動物的hepcidin與ferroportin或HBD的結(jié)合顯示出一種不同尋常的溫度依賴性,,在溫度低于15攝氏度時,其分離速率將增加,。分離速率的增加程度取決于hepcidin結(jié)構(gòu)隨著溫度的變化,。而與此相反的是,變溫脊椎動物例如魚類或者蛙類的hepcidin與HBD的結(jié)合不存在這種溫度依賴性,。
研究結(jié)果表明,,哺乳動物的hepcidin不僅具有鐵調(diào)控能力,還是一種殺菌肽,。Hepcidin通過作用于細(xì)菌細(xì)胞膜起到殺菌作用,,它在膜上形成跨膜的離子通道,破壞細(xì)胞膜完整性,造成細(xì)胞破裂,。與哺乳動物hepcidin不同的是,,魚類的基因則隨著進(jìn)化將鐵調(diào)節(jié)功能和殺菌功能分離開來。因此,,Hepcidin和HBD之間的這種關(guān)系為科學(xué)家提供了一種快速,、靈敏的檢驗(yàn)各物種hepcidin的方法,,并且這種方法能為我們展現(xiàn)hepcidin的進(jìn)化過程,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Cell Metabolism,Vol 8, 146-156, 06 August 2008,,Ivana De Domenico, Jerry Kaplan
The Hepcidin-Binding Site on Ferroportin Is Evolutionarily Conserved
Ivana De Domenico,1,3 Elizabeta Nemeth,2 Jenifer M. Nelson,1 John D. Phillips,3 Richard S. Ajioka,3 Michael S. Kay,4 James P. Kushner,3 Tomas Ganz,2 Diane M. Ward,1 and Jerry Kaplan1,
1 Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
2 Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
3 Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
4 Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
Corresponding author
Jerry Kaplan
[email protected]
Summary
Mammalian iron homeostasis is regulated by the interaction of the liver-produced peptide hepcidin and its receptor, the iron transporter ferroportin. Hepcidin binds to ferroportin resulting in degradation of ferroportin and decreased cellular iron export. We identify the hepcidin-binding domain (HBD) on ferroportin and show that a synthetic 19 amino acid peptide corresponding to the HBD recapitulates the characteristics and specificity of hepcidin binding to cell-surface ferroportin. The binding of mammalian hepcidin to ferroportin or the HBD shows an unusual temperature dependency with an increased rate of dissociation at temperatures below 15°C. The increased rate of dissociation is due to temperature- dependent changes in hepcidin structure. In contrast, hepcidin from poikilothermic vertebrates, such as fish or frogs, binds the HBD in a temperature-independent fashion. The affinity of hepcidin for the HBD permits a rapid, sensitive assay of hepcidin from all species and yields insights into the evolution of hepcidin.