記者從中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院獲悉,，該院北京畜牧獸醫(yī)研究所王加啟科研團(tuán)隊(duì)不久前揭示出5個(gè)物種奶畜的乳蛋白圖譜，這一成果為評(píng)判奶類營(yíng)養(yǎng)品質(zhì)提供了依據(jù),，標(biāo)志著我國(guó)科學(xué)家在奶類品質(zhì)研究上取得了重要進(jìn)展,。
為了從生物學(xué)角度闡明奶牛、牦牛、水牛,、山羊和駱駝奶類的蛋白差異,，王加啟科研團(tuán)隊(duì)采用蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)技術(shù)定量了這5個(gè)物種的乳清蛋白質(zhì)組，鑒定了211種乳蛋白,，對(duì)113個(gè)鑒定蛋白的分子功能,、細(xì)胞組分和生物學(xué)過(guò)程進(jìn)行了歸類，在國(guó)際上首次構(gòu)建了乳清蛋白定量差異表達(dá)譜,，揭示了奶牛,、牦牛、水牛,、山羊和駱駝奶類中存在的特征性蛋白分子,。根據(jù)這一研究成果撰寫的論文《奶牛、牦牛,、水牛,、山羊和駱駝奶乳清蛋白定量差異表達(dá)蛋白組學(xué)研究》近日發(fā)表在國(guó)際知名學(xué)術(shù)期刊《蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)研究》上。
乳蛋白是決定奶類營(yíng)養(yǎng)品質(zhì)的主要指標(biāo),，也是人類食物中功能成分的重要來(lái)源,。2011年初，王加啟研究員承擔(dān)了我國(guó)奶業(yè)領(lǐng)域的首個(gè)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目——“牛奶重要營(yíng)養(yǎng)品質(zhì)形成與調(diào)控機(jī)理研究”,。項(xiàng)目實(shí)施兩年多來(lái)，他領(lǐng)銜的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)開展了多學(xué)科綜合的前瞻性研究,，深入認(rèn)識(shí)了蛋白質(zhì)形成的理論和科學(xué)基礎(chǔ),，此次5個(gè)物種奶畜乳清蛋白組表達(dá)模式是這一項(xiàng)目取得的重要原創(chuàng)性成果之一。
業(yè)內(nèi)人士表示,，研究繪制不同物種奶畜的乳蛋白圖譜,，既是解析乳蛋白生理功能的基礎(chǔ)，也是評(píng)判奶類營(yíng)養(yǎng)品質(zhì)的依據(jù),，同時(shí)有助于從分子層次辨別不同奶畜乳蛋白的摻假問(wèn)題,。該科研成果的取得，將有力地推動(dòng)我國(guó)奶業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)從數(shù)量擴(kuò)張型到質(zhì)量效益型的轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),，對(duì)提升奶業(yè)的核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,、保障奶業(yè)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展具有重大意義。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Journal of Proteome Research DOI: 10.1021/pr301001m
Proteomic Analysis of Cow, Yak, Buffalo, Goat and Camel Milk Whey Proteins: Quantitative Differential Expression Patterns
Yongxin Yang , Dengpan Bu, Xiaowei Zhao, Peng Sun, Jiaqi Wang, and Lingyun Zhou
To aid in unraveling diverse genetic and biological unknowns, a proteomic approach was used to analyze the whey proteome in cow, yak, buffalo, goat, and camel milk based on the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) techniques. This analysis is the first to produce proteomic data for the milk from the above-mentioned animal species: 211 proteins have been identified and 113 proteins have been categorized according to molecular function, cellular components, and biological processes based on gene ontology annotation. The results of principal component analysis showed significant differences in proteomic patterns among goat, camel, cow, buffalo, and yak milk. Furthermore, 177 differentially expressed proteins were submitted to advanced hierarchical clustering. The resulting clustering pattern included three major sample clusters: (1) cow, buffalo, and yak milk; (2) goat, cow, buffalo, and yak milk; and (3) camel milk. Certain proteins were chosen as characterization traits for a given species: whey acidic protein and quinone oxidoreductase for camel milk, biglycan for goat milk, uncharacterized protein (Accession Number: F1MK50) for yak milk, clusterin for buffalo milk, and primary amine oxidase for cow milk. These results help reveal the quantitative milk whey proteome pattern for analyzed species. This provides information for evaluating adulteration of specific specie milk and may provide potential directions for application of specific milk protein production based on physiological differences among animal species.
