墨西哥國家基因醫(yī)學(xué)院科研人員11日宣布,成功破譯了墨西哥民族的基因組圖,。
這一研究成果發(fā)表在最新一期美國《國家科學(xué)院學(xué)報》上?？蒲腥藛T對來自墨西哥6個州的300多個梅斯蒂索人(歐洲人和美洲印第安人的混血人種)以及南部瓦哈卡地區(qū)30個土著人的基因樣本進(jìn)行了分析,。
基因序列分析表明,墨西哥民族是由多達(dá)65個不同種族構(gòu)成的,其中梅斯蒂索混血人種占到總數(shù)的85%左右,他們與歐洲人、非洲人和亞洲人存在明顯差異,。另外,墨西哥北部州人的基因組更接近于歐洲人,而南部州人的基因組更接近于美洲印第安人,。
目前,甲型H1N1流感在墨西哥的致命率遠(yuǎn)高于世界其他地區(qū)。針對這一點,科研人員說,雖然目前還不能斷言其中原因是墨西哥民族的基因構(gòu)造不同,但破譯墨西哥民族的基因序列后,對包括甲型H1N1流感在內(nèi)的許多疾病的研究可能會大大深化,。
墨西哥總統(tǒng)卡爾德龍還在發(fā)布會上宣布,這項研究成果將通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)與全世界學(xué)術(shù)界免費共享,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PNAS May 11, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0903045106
Analysis of genomic diversity in Mexican Mestizo populations to develop genomic medicine in Mexico
Irma Silva-Zolezzi,1, Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda,1, Jesus Estrada-Gil,1, Juan Carlos Fernandez-Lopez, Laura Uribe-Figueroa, Alejandra Contreras, Eros Balam-Ortiz, Laura del Bosque-Plata, David Velazquez-Fernandez, Cesar Lara, Rodrigo Goya, Enrique Hernandez-Lemus, Carlos Davila, Eduardo Barrientos, Santiago March and Gerardo Jimenez-Sanchez,2
Mexico is developing the basis for genomic medicine to improve healthcare of its population. The extensive study of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium structure of different populations has made it possible to develop tagging and imputation strategies to comprehensively analyze common genetic variation in association studies of complex diseases. We assessed the benefit of a Mexican haplotype map to improve identification of genes related to common diseases in the Mexican population. We evaluated genetic diversity, linkage disequilibrium patterns, and extent of haplotype sharing using genomewide data from Mexican Mestizos from regions with different histories of admixture and particular population dynamics. Ancestry was evaluated by including 1 Mexican Amerindian group and data from the HapMap. Our results provide evidence of genetic differences between Mexican subpopulations that should be considered in the design and analysis of association studies of complex diseases. In addition, these results support the notion that a haplotype map of the Mexican Mestizo population can reduce the number of tag SNPs required to characterize common genetic variation in this population. This is one of the first genomewide genotyping efforts of a recently admixed population in Latin America.
