二穗短柄草（Brachypodium distachyon）是地中海和中東的一種本地野生草本，現(xiàn)在其基因組已完成測序。這是具有重要經(jīng)濟價值的早熟禾亞科基因組被測序的第一個成員（這個亞科的成員還包括小麥和大麥）,。
用短柄草、水稻和高粱基因組進行的比較基因組研究,，為了解草本基因組演化提供了線索,，并且還將有助于將來對大的、復(fù)雜的基因組（如小麥的基因組）進行分析,。這個基因組序列的獲得應(yīng)有助于將易于培育,、適于基因操縱的短柄草確立為開發(fā)新能源作物和糧食作物的模型。（生物谷Bioon.com）
糧食作物基因組測序成果：
Science：科學(xué)家繪制出首幅小麥基因組物理圖譜
Science：玉米B73系基因組序列
Nature Reviews Genetics：解密41000個水稻基因的功能
Nature：高粱基因組完成測序
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Nature 463, 763-768 (11 February 2010) | doi:10.1038/nature08747
Genome sequencing and analysis of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon
The International Brachypodium Initiative
Three subfamilies of grasses, the Ehrhartoideae, Panicoideae and Pooideae, provide the bulk of human nutrition and are poised to become major sources of renewable energy. Here we describe the genome sequence of the wild grass Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium), which is, to our knowledge, the first member of the Pooideae subfamily to be sequenced. Comparison of the Brachypodium, rice and sorghum genomes shows a precise history of genome evolution across a broad diversity of the grasses, and establishes a template for analysis of the large genomes of economically important pooid grasses such as wheat. The high-quality genome sequence, coupled with ease of cultivation and transformation, small size and rapid life cycle, will help Brachypodium reach its potential as an important model system for developing new energy and food crops.
