對(duì)攜帶虐原蟲(chóng)的蚊子的基因組所做的2項(xiàng)分析表明,，在這種昆蟲(chóng)的種群間的基因流動(dòng)要比原先認(rèn)為的更為局限,，從而導(dǎo)致了不同種群間的基因組差別以及新的物種,。 該研究可能對(duì)蚊子控制計(jì)劃有用,，它可幫助這些計(jì)劃適應(yīng)蚊子行為中的任何種群遷徙,，這些種群遷徙是蚊子本身對(duì)控蚊措施的一種適應(yīng)反應(yīng),。
在一則研究中,，Mara Lawniczak及其在歐洲和美國(guó)的同事對(duì)岡比亞按蚊的“M”和“S”的2種分子形式的基因組進(jìn)行了測(cè)序,。這兩種蚊的行為各不相同且看上去分離成為2個(gè)不同的種類。 在另外一則研究中,，Daniel Neafsey及其在歐洲,、非洲和美國(guó)的同事制備了高分辨率單核苷酸陣列來(lái)比對(duì)岡比亞按蚊的各個(gè)品種中的遺傳歧化。
他們觀察到種群間的分化并發(fā)現(xiàn)了種群內(nèi)的“選擇性清除”的證據(jù),。通過(guò)選擇性清除,，某些優(yōu)勢(shì)基因可在種群中相對(duì)較快地?cái)U(kuò)散。 （生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦英文摘要：
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1195755
Widespread Divergence Between Incipient Anopheles gambiae Species Revealed by Whole Genome Sequences
M. K. N. Lawniczak,1,* S. J. Emrich,2,* A. K. Holloway,3 A. P. Regier,2 M. Olson,2 B. White,4 S. Redmond,1 L. Fulton,5 E. Appelbaum,5 J. Godfrey,5 C. Farmer,5 A. Chinwalla,5 S.-P. Yang,5 P. Minx,5 J. Nelson,5 K. Kyung,5 B. P. Walenz,6 E. Garcia-Hernandez,6 M. Aguiar,6 L. D. Viswanathan,6 Y.-H. Rogers,6 R. L. Strausberg,6 C. A. Saski,7 D. Lawson,8 F. H. Collins,4 F. C. Kafatos,1 G. K. Christophides,1 S. W. Clifton,5 E. F. Kirkness,6 N. J. Besansky4,
The Afrotropical mosquito Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, a major vector of malaria, is currently undergoing speciation into the M and S molecular forms. These forms have diverged in larval ecology and reproductive behavior through unknown genetic mechanisms, despite considerable levels of hybridization. Previous genome-wide scans using gene-based microarrays uncovered divergence between M and S that was largely confined to gene-poor pericentromeric regions, prompting a speciation-with-ongoing-gene-flow model that implicated only about 3% of the genome near centromeres in the speciation process. Here, based on the complete M and S genome sequences, we report widespread and heterogeneous genomic divergence inconsistent with appreciable levels of interform gene flow, suggesting a more advanced speciation process and greater challenges to identify genes critical to initiating that process.
