對攜帶虐原蟲的蚊子的基因組所做的2項分析表明，在這種昆蟲的種群間的基因流動要比原先認為的更為局限,，從而導致了不同種群間的基因組差別以及新的物種,。 該研究可能對蚊子控制計劃有用，它可幫助這些計劃適應蚊子行為中的任何種群遷徙,，這些種群遷徙是蚊子本身對控蚊措施的一種適應反應,。
在一則研究中，Mara Lawniczak及其在歐洲和美國的同事對岡比亞按蚊的“M”和“S”的2種分子形式的基因組進行了測序,。這兩種蚊的行為各不相同且看上去分離成為2個不同的種類,。 在另外一則研究中，Daniel Neafsey及其在歐洲,、非洲和美國的同事制備了高分辨率單核苷酸陣列來比對岡比亞按蚊的各個品種中的遺傳歧化,。
他們觀察到種群間的分化并發(fā)現了種群內的“選擇性清除”的證據。通過選擇性清除,，某些優(yōu)勢基因可在種群中相對較快地擴散,。 （生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦英文摘要：
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1195755
Widespread Divergence Between Incipient Anopheles gambiae Species Revealed by Whole Genome Sequences
M. K. N. Lawniczak,1,* S. J. Emrich,2,* A. K. Holloway,3 A. P. Regier,2 M. Olson,2 B. White,4 S. Redmond,1 L. Fulton,5 E. Appelbaum,5 J. Godfrey,5 C. Farmer,5 A. Chinwalla,5 S.-P. Yang,5 P. Minx,5 J. Nelson,5 K. Kyung,5 B. P. Walenz,6 E. Garcia-Hernandez,6 M. Aguiar,6 L. D. Viswanathan,6 Y.-H. Rogers,6 R. L. Strausberg,6 C. A. Saski,7 D. Lawson,8 F. H. Collins,4 F. C. Kafatos,1 G. K. Christophides,1 S. W. Clifton,5 E. F. Kirkness,6 N. J. Besansky4,
The Afrotropical mosquito Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, a major vector of malaria, is currently undergoing speciation into the M and S molecular forms. These forms have diverged in larval ecology and reproductive behavior through unknown genetic mechanisms, despite considerable levels of hybridization. Previous genome-wide scans using gene-based microarrays uncovered divergence between M and S that was largely confined to gene-poor pericentromeric regions, prompting a speciation-with-ongoing-gene-flow model that implicated only about 3% of the genome near centromeres in the speciation process. Here, based on the complete M and S genome sequences, we report widespread and heterogeneous genomic divergence inconsistent with appreciable levels of interform gene flow, suggesting a more advanced speciation process and greater challenges to identify genes critical to initiating that process.
