OpGen公司今日宣布,,通過利用ARGUS? Whole Genome Mapping System技術(shù)結(jié)合新一代測序技術(shù)(NGS),生成了首個(gè)家山羊(domestic goat)的高質(zhì)量參考基因組,。這一研究是由深圳華大基因研究院和中科院昆明動(dòng)物研究所領(lǐng)導(dǎo),,相關(guān)成果發(fā)表在《自然生物技術(shù)》(Nature Biotechnology)雜志上,。
這篇題為“Sequencing and automated whole-genome optical mapping of the genome of a domestic goat (Capra hircus)”的研究論文,,證實(shí)了OpGen公司的Whole Genome Mapping技術(shù)在從頭組裝大型、復(fù)雜基因組方面所具有的價(jià)值,、效力和成本效應(yīng),。
深圳華大基因研究院副院長徐訊(Xun Xu)說:“這一獨(dú)特的技術(shù)不僅驗(yàn)證了基因組測序,還為我們提供了測序無法檢測到的大規(guī)模染色體結(jié)構(gòu)信息,。這些基因組組裝項(xiàng)目的經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明,,全基因組物理圖譜應(yīng)該是未來所有組裝的參考基因組的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。”
山羊是世界各地包括中國和印度在內(nèi)的許多發(fā)展中國家的一種重要經(jīng)濟(jì)資源,。然而,,盡管它們在農(nóng)業(yè)和生物學(xué)上極其重要,由于缺乏高質(zhì)量的參考基因組序列,,山羊的育種和遺傳研究長期以來受阻,。這一山羊基因組是第一個(gè)小型反芻動(dòng)物高質(zhì)量參考基因組,或可幫助深入了解來自非反芻動(dòng)物物種的有差別的反芻動(dòng)物基因組特征,。
盡管用新一代測序生成組裝草圖相對容易,,完成某一序列達(dá)到染色體水平卻仍然困難且成本高昂。研究結(jié)果表明,,相比于當(dāng)前可獲得的繪圖策略,,如細(xì)菌人工染色體(BACs)或熒光原位雜交(FISH),將單一的NGS平臺(tái)與Whole Genome Mapping技術(shù)相結(jié)合能夠更快更廉價(jià)地生成精致完美的組裝,。這一方法為大型基因組從頭組裝設(shè)立了黃金標(biāo)準(zhǔn),,消除了對于非常費(fèi)時(shí)的遺傳圖譜的需求。
“通過納入Whole Genome Mapping技術(shù),,我們能夠克服NGS短讀支架(short read scaffold)的局限,生成長超級支架,,完成裝配達(dá)到接近染色體水平,,”論文的作者、中科院昆明動(dòng)物研究所副所長王文(Wen Wang)說:“沒有OpGen的技術(shù),,我們無法完成這一項(xiàng)目,。”
在這項(xiàng)研究中,OpGen的ARGUS系統(tǒng)在3個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)生成了10萬個(gè)單分子限制圖譜,。這使得山羊基因組物理覆蓋度提高了30倍,。該公司的Genome Builder?軟件,,結(jié)合新一代測序及隨后組裝生成的單分子圖譜數(shù)據(jù)和測序支架,生成了長超級支架,。特別是,,通過將Whole Genome Mapping與NGS相結(jié)合,將組裝的度量提高了8倍,。
“盡管我們還在繼續(xù)證實(shí)Whole Genome Mapping在組裝,、質(zhì)量控制和驗(yàn)證微生物基因組方面的價(jià)值,,我們非常高興擴(kuò)大其應(yīng)用,,使其成為一種關(guān)鍵性的互補(bǔ)技術(shù),讓研究人員能夠在復(fù)雜的新項(xiàng)目中提供完整的,、準(zhǔn)確的,、長期的基因組信息,”論文的作者,、OpGen公司的首席科學(xué)官Richard Moore博士說:“這篇論文是我們預(yù)計(jì)發(fā)表在明年的眾多研究成果中的第一個(gè),,它們將證實(shí)OpGen公司的Whole Genome Mapping技術(shù)可作為一種方法,從頭組裝從微生物到哺乳動(dòng)物的基因組譜,。”(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nbt.2478
PMC:
PMID:
Sequencing and automated whole-genome optical mapping of the genome of a domestic goat (Capra hircus)
Yang Dong, Min Xie, Yu Jiang, Nianqing Xiao, Xiaoyong Du, Wenguang Zhang, Gwenola Tosser-Klopp, Jinhuan Wang, Shuang Yang, Jie Liang, Wenbin Chen, Jing Chen, Peng Zeng, Yong Hou, Chao Bian, Shengkai Pan, Yuxiang Li, Xin Liu, Wenliang Wang, Bertrand Servin, Brian Sayre, Bin Zhu, Deacon Sweeney, Rich Moore, Wenhui Nie, Yongyi Shen,Ruoping Zhao, Guojie Zhang, Jinquan Li, Thomas Faraut, James Womack, Yaping Zhang,James Kijas, Noelle Cockett, Xun Xu, Shuhong Zhao, Jun Wang & Wen Wang
We report the ~2.66-Gb genome sequence of a female Yunnan black goat. The sequence was obtained by combining short-read sequencing data and optical mapping data from a high-throughput whole-genome mapping instrument. The whole-genome mapping data facilitated the assembly of super-scaffolds >5× longer by the N50 metric than scaffolds augmented by fosmid end sequencing (scaffold N50 = 3.06 Mb, super-scaffold N50 = 16.3 Mb). Super-scaffolds are anchored on chromosomes based on conserved synteny with cattle, and the assembly is well supported by two radiation hybrid maps of chromosome 1. We annotate 22,175 protein-coding genes, most of which were recovered in the RNA-seq data of ten tissues. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the primary and secondary follicles of a cashmere goat reveal 51 genes that are differentially expressed between the two types of hair follicles. This study, whose results will facilitate goat genomics, shows that whole-genome mapping technology can be used for the de novo assembly of large genomes.