選擇合適的犬種對有養(yǎng)犬意向的人來說很重要,。最近,，研究人員深入研究了不同犬種進攻性上的差異。相關(guān)研究文章發(fā)表在最近一期的愛思唯爾期刊《應(yīng)用動物行為科學(xué)》（Applied Animal Behaviour Science）上,。
研究人員利用《犬行為評估和研究調(diào)查表》對若干養(yǎng)犬者進行了問卷調(diào)查,，共涉及到30個犬種。該調(diào)查表在評估犬類對一系列常見刺激的反應(yīng)方面被證明是準確可靠的,。具體來說,，主要包括犬類面對陌生人、主人和其他犬類時的反應(yīng),。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),，不同犬種對不同刺激的反應(yīng)和反應(yīng)烈度存在很大差異。
一般來說,，體型較小的犬種在陌生人面前出現(xiàn)激烈反應(yīng)的比例最高,。在面對由陌生人陪伴的其他犬種時，也表現(xiàn)出非常激烈的反應(yīng),。對陌生人和主人都反應(yīng)激烈的犬種包括Dachshunds,，Chihuahuas，Jack Russell Terriers,；僅對陌生人反應(yīng)激烈的是澳大利亞牧羊犬,；僅對主人反應(yīng)激烈的犬種包括American Cocker Spaniels，Beagles,。在Akitas,，Jack Russell Terriers和 Pit Bull Terriers這三種犬中20%對陌生犬表現(xiàn)出嚴重的進攻性。
對人和其他犬都表現(xiàn)出很低的進攻性的犬種包括Golden Retrievers,，Labrador Retrievers,，Bernese Mountain Dogs，Brittany Spaniels,， Greyhounds和 Whippets,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Applied Animal Behaviour Science,，doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2008.04.006，Deborah L. Duffy, Yuying Hsu and James A. Serpell
Breed differences in canine aggression
Deborah L. Duffya, Yuying Hsub and James A. Serpella, ,
aCenter for the Interaction of Animals and Society, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6010, USA bDepartment of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
Abstract
Canine aggression poses serious public health and animal welfare concerns. Most of what is understood about breed differences in aggression comes from reports based on bite statistics, behavior clinic caseloads, and experts’ opinions. Information on breed-specific aggressiveness derived from such sources may be misleading due to biases attributable to a disproportionate risk of injury associated with larger and/or more physically powerful breeds and the existence of breed stereotypes. The present study surveyed the owners of more than 30 breeds of dogs using the Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ), a validated and reliable instrument for assessing dogs’ typical and recent responses to a variety of common stimuli and situations. Two independent data samples (a random sample of breed club members and an online sample) yielded significant differences among breeds in aggression directed toward strangers, owners and dogs (Kruskal–Wallis tests, P < 0.0001).
Eight breeds common to both datasets (Dachshund, English Springer Spaniel, Golden Retriever, Labrador Retriever, Poodle, Rottweiler, Shetland Sheepdog and Siberian Husky) ranked similarly, rs = 0.723, P < 0.05; rs = 0.929, P < 0.001; rs = 0.592, P = 0.123, for aggression directed toward strangers, dogs and owners, respectively. Some breeds scored higher than average for aggression directed toward both humans and dogs (e.g., Chihuahuas and Dachshunds) while other breeds scored high only for specific targets (e.g., dog-directed aggression among Akitas and Pit Bull Terriers). In general, aggression was most severe when directed toward other dogs followed by unfamiliar people and household members. Breeds with the greatest percentage of dogs exhibiting serious aggression (bites or bite attempts) toward humans included Dachshunds, Chihuahuas and Jack Russell Terriers (toward strangers and owners); Australian Cattle Dogs (toward strangers); and American Cocker Spaniels and Beagles (toward owners). More than 20% of Akitas, Jack Russell Terriers and Pit Bull Terriers were reported as displaying serious aggression toward unfamiliar dogs. Golden Retrievers, Labradors Retrievers, Bernese Mountain Dogs, Brittany Spaniels, Greyhounds and Whippets were the least aggressive toward both humans and dogs. Among English Springer Spaniels, conformation-bred dogs were more aggressive to humans and dogs than field-bred dogs (stranger aggression: Mann–Whitney U test, z = 3.880, P < 0.0001; owner aggression: z = 2.110, P < 0.05; dog-directed aggression: z = 1.93, P = 0.054), suggesting a genetic influence on the behavior. The opposite pattern was observed for owner-directed aggression among Labrador Retrievers, (z = 2.18, P < 0.05) indicating that higher levels of aggression are not attributable to breeding for show per se.
