當前的氣候變暖階段正在導(dǎo)致一些植物和動物的生存范圍從較低的緯度和高度向較高的緯度和高度遷移?，F(xiàn)在,，對15個植物物種（包括以前已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出生存范圍快速擴展的6個物種及9個相關(guān)的本地種）的生長狀況所做的一項研究表明，向北-西歐擴展其生存范圍的外來植物物種與本地種相比,，暴露于地面下敵人和地面上廣譜草食動物的機會都要少一些,。這項工作所說明的一個問題是，生存范圍向較高緯度和高度遷移的一些植物將是入侵性的,，對溫帶及北緯地區(qū)的生物多樣性有潛在的有害影響,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Nature 456, 946-948 (18 December 2008) | doi:10.1038/nature07474
Successful range-expanding plants experience less above-ground and below-ground enemy impact
Tim Engelkes1, Elly Morri?n1, Koen J. F. Verhoeven1, T. Martijn Bezemer1,2, Arjen Biere1, Jeffrey A. Harvey1, Lauren M. McIntyre3, Wil L. M. Tamis4 & Wim H. van der Putten1,2
1 Department of Multitrophic Interactions, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, The Netherlands
2 Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, PO Box 8123, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands
3 Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Statistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-1399, USA
4 Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University Branch, PO Box 9514, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
Top of pageMany species are currently moving to higher latitudes and altitudes1, 2, 3. However, little is known about the factors that influence the future performance of range-expanding species in their new habitats. Here we show that range-expanding plant species from a riverine area were better defended against shoot and root enemies than were related native plant species growing in the same area. We grew fifteen plant species with and without non-coevolved polyphagous locusts and cosmopolitan, polyphagous aphids. Contrary to our expectations, the locusts performed more poorly on the range-expanding plant species than on the congeneric native plant species, whereas the aphids showed no difference. The shoot herbivores reduced the biomass of the native plants more than they did that of the congeneric range expanders. Also, the range-expanding plants developed fewer pathogenic effects4, 5 in their root-zone soil than did the related native species. Current predictions forecast biodiversity loss due to limitations in the ability of species to adjust to climate warming conditions in their range6, 7, 8. Our results strongly suggest that the plants that shift ranges towards higher latitudes and altitudes may include potential invaders, as the successful range expanders may experience less control by above-ground or below-ground enemies than the natives.
