生物谷Bioon.com 訊 全裸裸重唇魚Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus為鯉科裂腹魚亞科特化等級(jí)的類群之一，是特化等級(jí)中分布緯度最低的種類,。本種歷史記錄僅分布于云南高黎貢山西坡騰沖境內(nèi)的龍川江上游少數(shù)支流（屬伊洛瓦底江水系）,，被《中國物種紅色名錄》劃分為極危物種。2000年至2006年中國科學(xué)院昆明動(dòng)物研究所聯(lián)合美國加州科學(xué)院對(duì)云南境內(nèi)的高黎貢山進(jìn)行了多次魚類資源考察,，在怒江州芒寬鄉(xiāng)附近的高黎貢山東坡溪流（屬怒江水系）新發(fā)現(xiàn)了全裸裸重唇魚種群的分布,。
為了探清本種在不同水系間的分化程度，昆明動(dòng)物研究所魚類組成員運(yùn)用分子生物學(xué)（細(xì)胞色素b基因和D-loop序列）與形態(tài)度量學(xué)結(jié)合的方法,，分析了9（4個(gè)怒江水系采集點(diǎn),，5個(gè)伊洛瓦底江水系采集點(diǎn)）個(gè)采集點(diǎn)共96個(gè)個(gè)體的數(shù)據(jù)。細(xì)胞色素b基因序列結(jié)果顯示,，來自伊洛瓦底江水系的9個(gè)個(gè)體與7個(gè)來自怒江水系水系的個(gè)體各自僅代表1個(gè)單倍型，遺傳距離為1.97%,，系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關(guān)系進(jìn)一步證實(shí)本種與高度特化等級(jí)的裂腹魚類群有更近的新緣關(guān)系,。D-loop序列結(jié)果表明：本種有較高的遺傳多樣性，不同水系間的個(gè)體不共享單倍型,；87.3%的遺傳變異發(fā)生在不同水系間,；不同水系的個(gè)體各自以較高的支持率形成單系。對(duì)6個(gè)可數(shù)量狀和37個(gè)可量性狀的分析表明,，不能把不同水系的個(gè)體完全區(qū)別開來,，但在某些性上存在可以區(qū)別開來的趨勢(shì)。本種可能正在經(jīng)歷物種分化的過程,。建議把本種列入高黎貢山國家自然保護(hù)區(qū)的重要保護(hù)物種并以兩大不同水系為依據(jù)分別以不同進(jìn)化顯著單元加以優(yōu)先保護(hù),，擴(kuò)大保護(hù)區(qū)的范圍，涵蓋本種所有分布地區(qū),，加強(qiáng)本種的野外生態(tài)學(xué)和繁殖生物學(xué)研究,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Environmental Biology of Fishes DOI: 10.1007/s10641-010-9629-6
Molecular and morphological analysis of endangered species Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
Jian Yang, Xiaoyong Chen and Junxing Yang
Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus is a critically endangered species endemic to the Gaoligongshan Mountains. It was thought to be only distributed in several headwater-streams of the Longchuanjiang River (west slope of the Gaoligongshan Mountains, belonging to the Irrawaddy River drainage). In recent years, dozens of G. integrigymnatus specimens have been collected in some streams on the east slope of the Gaoligongshan Mountains (the Salween drainage). We performed a morphological and genetic analyses (based on cytochrome b and D-loop) of the newly discovered populations of G. integrigymnatus to determine whether the degree of separation of these populations warrants species status. Our analysis from the cytochrome b gene revealed that nine individuals from the Irrawaddy drainage area and seven individuals from the Salween drainage area each have only one unique haplotype. The genetic distance between the two haplotypes is 1.97%. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed that G. integrigymnatus is closely related to highly specialized schizothoracine fishes. Analysis from the mitochondrial control region revealed that G. integrigymnatus has relatively high genetic diversity (π was 0.00891 and h was 0.8714), and individuals from different river drainages do not share the same haplotypes. The AMOVA results indicated 87.27% genetic variability between the Salween and Irrawaddy populations. Phylogenetic trees show two major geographic groups corresponding to the river systems. We recommend that G. integrigymnatus should be considered as a high priority for protected species status in the Gaoligongshan Mountains National Nature Reserve, and that the area of the Gaoligongshan Mountains National Nature Reserve should be expanded to cover the entire distribution of G. integrigymnatus. Populations of G. integrigymnatus from different river systems should be treated as evolutionarily significant units.
