對(duì)古代DNA的一項(xiàng)分析提示,，在新時(shí)器時(shí)代男性比女性更多地遷徙,。
Marie Lacan及其同事從西班牙東北部一個(gè)古代墓葬洞穴Avellaner洞穴中發(fā)掘出的人類標(biāo)本中提取了DNA。這組作者分析了存在于男性身上的Y染色體和通過(guò)母親傳給子女的線粒體DNA,。
在該洞穴中發(fā)現(xiàn)的7個(gè)人中,，6人被發(fā)現(xiàn)是男性，只有1人是女性,。
盡管在這些人中間沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)直接的家族關(guān)系,，其中5名男性似乎屬于同一個(gè)父系，這提示只有一個(gè)群體使用這個(gè)洞穴作為墓葬地點(diǎn),。
這些發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)一步提示了在這個(gè)時(shí)期的母系的前新石器時(shí)代的起源,。這些男性的至少兩個(gè)單倍型類群G2a和E1b1b1a1b在今天的西歐人群中相當(dāng)獨(dú)特而且罕見，這提示這些父系是從其他地方引入到歐洲的,。
這組作者因此得出結(jié)論說(shuō),，在新石器過(guò)渡時(shí)期人口從狩獵采集的生活方式轉(zhuǎn)換到建立在農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)上的文化的時(shí)候，男性而非女性的群體進(jìn)行了遷徙,。這些結(jié)果符合此前關(guān)于來(lái)自晚新時(shí)期時(shí)代法國(guó)的個(gè)體的研究,，表明了那時(shí)候這兩個(gè)人群之間令人驚奇的遺傳相似性。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1073/pnas.1113061108
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Ancient DNA suggests the leading role played by men in the Neolithic dissemination
Marie Lacan, Christine Keyser, Fran?ois-Xavier Ricaut, Nicolas Brucato, Josep Tarrús, Angel Bosch, Jean Guilaine, Eric Crubézy, and Bertrand Ludes
The impact of the Neolithic dispersal on the western European populations is subject to continuing debate. To trace and date genetic lineages potentially brought during this transition and so understand the origin of the gene pool of current populations, we studied DNA extracted from human remains excavated in a Spanish funeral cave dating from the beginning of the fifth millennium B.C. Thanks to a “multimarkers” approach based on the analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA (autosomes and Y-chromosome), we obtained information on the early Neolithic funeral practices and on the biogeographical origin of the inhumed individuals. No close kinship was detected. Maternal haplogroups found are consistent with pre-Neolithic settlement, whereas the Y-chromosomal analyses permitted confirmation of the existence in Spain approximately 7,000 y ago of two haplogroups previously associated with the Neolithic transition: G2a and E1b1b1a1b. These results are highly consistent with those previously found in Neolithic individuals from French Late Neolithic individuals, indicating a surprising temporal genetic homogeneity in these groups. The high frequency of G2a in Neolithic samples in western Europe could suggest, furthermore, that the role of men during Neolithic dispersal could be greater than currently estimated.
