12月22日,，國(guó)際著名雜志Nature在線刊登了國(guó)外研究人員的最新研究成果“Additive threats from pathogens, climate and land-use change for global amphibian diversity。”研究人員揭示了兩棲動(dòng)物面臨的三種威脅,。
兩棲動(dòng)物是最瀕危的脊椎動(dòng)物類別,，而三種最嚴(yán)重的威脅分別是氣候變化,、土地利用變化和真菌疾病“壺菌病”。對(duì)一組近乎完整的兩棲動(dòng)物物種所受到的這三種威脅之間的相互作用所做的一項(xiàng)分析顯示,，在有氣候變化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的地區(qū)與有土地利用變化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的地區(qū)之間存在相當(dāng)大程度的重疊,。真菌疾病一般在不同區(qū)域都有發(fā)現(xiàn)，這與將氣候變化與熱帶地區(qū)的疾病威脅聯(lián)系起來(lái)的以前的研究結(jié)果是相矛盾的,。但令人擔(dān)憂的是,，物種豐富度最大的區(qū)域是受到威脅程度最高的區(qū)域。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1038/nature10650
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Additive threats from pathogens, climate and land-use change for global amphibian diversity
Christian Hof,Miguel B. Araújo,Walter Jetz& Carsten Rahbek
Amphibian population declines far exceed those of other vertebrate groups, with 30% of all species listed as threatened by the International union for Conservation of Nature1, 2, 3. The causes of these declines are a matter of continued research, but probably include climate change, land-use change and spread of the pathogenic fungal disease chytridiomycosis1, 4, 5. Here we assess the spatial distribution and interactions of these primary threats in relation to the global distribution of amphibian species. We show that the greatest proportions of species negatively affected by climate change are projected to be found in Africa, parts of northern South America and the Andes. Regions with the highest projected impact of land-use and climate change coincide, but there is little spatial overlap with regions highly threatened by the fungal disease. Overall, the areas harbouring the richest amphibian faunas are disproportionately more affected by one or multiple threat factors than areas with low richness. Amphibian declines are likely to accelerate in the twenty-first century, because multiple drivers of extinction could jeopardize their populations more than previous, mono-causal, assessments have suggested.
