1月13日,,德國萊比錫市亥姆霍茲環(huán)境研究中心的動物學(xué)家Maite Louzao和同事在《科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表報告"Changes in Wind Pattern Alter Albatross Distribution and Life-History Traits"說,由于風(fēng)速變快,平均來看,,信天翁增加了體重并可更為成功地繁殖后代,。
當許多物種正在面臨氣候變化帶來的痛苦之時,,信天翁卻似乎從中得到了好處,。
最近幾十年來的長期變暖提升了溫度,并改變了許多地區(qū)的降水,,但它同時還增加了印度洋西南部的平均風(fēng)速,。
具體來說,,更高的風(fēng)速意味著產(chǎn)卵季節(jié)的覓食之旅——自始至終由雄鳥和雌鳥輪流孵卵并照顧幼鳥——變得更短了:在2008年為平均9.7天,相比之下在1970年為12.4天,。
反過來,,在鳥巢中更短的輪班導(dǎo)致被遺棄的鳥蛋和雛鳥的減少:其間,平均而言,,在1970年,,有66%的鳥蛋能夠最終變?yōu)樾▲B,而在2008年,,這一比例上升至約77%。
較短的輪班照顧時間同時讓信天翁變得胖了起來:盡管這些鳥類并沒有變得更大,,但平均而言,,它們的分量比20年前增加了1公斤——換句話說體重增加了10%到12%。
研究人員指出,,這將幫助這些長距離飛行的冠軍更好地經(jīng)受大風(fēng)施加在身體和翅膀上的壓力,,從而更好地利用氣候變化造就的多風(fēng)條件。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1126/science.1210270
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PMID:
Changes in Wind Pattern Alter Albatross Distribution and Life-History Traits
Henri Weimerskirch1,*, Maite Louzao1,2, Sophie de Grissac1, Karine Delord1
Westerly winds in the Southern Ocean have increased in intensity and moved poleward. Using long-term demographic and foraging records, we show that foraging range in wandering albatrosses has shifted poleward in conjunction with these changes in wind pattern, while their rates of travel and flight speeds have increased. Consequently, the duration of foraging trips has decreased, breeding success has improved, and birds have increased in mass by more than 1 kilogram. These positive consequences of climate change may be temporary if patterns of wind in the southern westerlies follow predicted climate change scenarios. This study stresses the importance of foraging performance as the key link between environmental changes and population processes.