古地質(zhì)事件及古氣候的波動會影響物種當(dāng)前的遺傳分布格局,。例如,，研究顯示青藏高原的隆升及第四紀(jì)氣候的波動對這一地區(qū)的大部分物種的遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生影響。根據(jù)地磁學(xué)的證據(jù)以及孢粉資料顯示,，天山山脈在第三紀(jì)末期經(jīng)歷了強(qiáng)的隆升,，而在第四紀(jì)末期有著多次的干冷-暖濕的循環(huán),。而天山山脈的古地質(zhì)事件及這一地區(qū)第四紀(jì)氣候的波動對物種當(dāng)前的遺傳格局影響的研究相對較少,。
中科院新疆生態(tài)與地理研究所生物地理與進(jìn)化研究組碩士研究生姜小龍?jiān)趯?dǎo)師張明理研究員的指導(dǎo)下,，選取沿天山分布的準(zhǔn)噶爾烏頭物種組（包括林地烏頭,、準(zhǔn)噶爾烏頭和多根烏頭）探討了這一地區(qū)的氣候及地質(zhì)事件對物種遺傳格局的影響,。對采集到的18個居群146個樣本的兩個葉綠體DNA序列（psbA-trnH和trnS-trnG）分析顯示：物種間存在強(qiáng)的限制性基因流，物種間的分化發(fā)生在第三紀(jì)末期到第四紀(jì)初期之間,。
研究結(jié)果表明,，物種間強(qiáng)的限制性基因流可能是由于種子有限的擴(kuò)散能力及物種間不同步的花果期導(dǎo)致的；伊犁河谷和奇臺地區(qū)是準(zhǔn)噶爾烏頭物種組的潛在冰期避難所,；林地烏頭經(jīng)歷了兩次從西往東的擴(kuò)張,，其中一次的擴(kuò)張跟末次間冰期的暖濕環(huán)境有關(guān)；物種間的遺傳分化是天山的隆升導(dǎo)致的,，而種內(nèi)的遺傳分化跟第四紀(jì)氣候波動有關(guān),。
相關(guān)研究結(jié)果在線發(fā)表在《植物系統(tǒng)學(xué)與進(jìn)化》（Plant Systematics and Evolution）上。（生物谷 Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Plant Systematics and Evolution Doi：10.1007/s00606-013-0859-x
Phylogeographic patterns of the Aconitum nemorum species group (Ranunculaceae) shaped by geological and climatic events in the Tianshan Mountains and their surroundings
Xiao-Long Jiang, Ming-Li Zhang, Hong-Xiang Zhang, Stewart C. Sanderson
To investigate the impacts of ancient geological and climatic events on the evolutionary history of the Aconitum nemorum species group, including A. nemorum s. str., A. karakolicum, and A. soongoricum; a total of 18 natural populations with 146 individuals were sampled, mainly from grassy slopes or the coniferous forest understory of the Tianshan Mountain Range and its surroundings. Two cpDNA intergenic spacer regions (trnS-trnG and psbA-trnH) were sequenced and 16 haplotypes were identified. These were clustered into three divergent lineages which almost entirely corresponded to the three species. Analysis of molecular variance indicated restricted gene flow, mainly among species. High levels of genetic distance were detected among eastern populations in A. nemorum s. str. and A. karakolicum from spatial genetic landscape analysis. Neutral tests and mismatch distribution analysis suggest that A. nemorum s. str. experienced demographic expansions during interglacial periods. Based on haplotype distribution and the median-joining network, it was inferred that this species underwent two periods of eastward expansion. Our molecular dating indicates that the lineages of the complex separated during the period of the late Tertiary to late Pleistocene (11.74–0.064 million years ago), which was most likely triggered by recent rapid uplift of the Tianshan Mountains, while genetic variation at the intra-specific level might be attributed to climatic cycles in the late Quaternary.
