新一期英國《自然—地學》雜志刊登研究報告說,，南極上空臭氧層空洞的影響超出了南極洲及其周邊海域，這可能是導致非洲南部近年來氣候變暖的原因,，這種變暖與溫室氣體的關聯(lián)相對不大。
津巴布韋等國的研究人員分析了1979年至2010年間非洲南部的氣候數據,，發(fā)現(xiàn)當地夏季氣溫有明顯上升趨勢,，并且夏初的氣溫升高是突然上升而非平緩變化的。進一步的分析顯示,，這種溫度上升與南極臭氧層空洞的大小之間存在關聯(lián),，在臭氧層空洞越大的時候,，氣溫上升得越厲害。
研究人員因此認為,，是南極上空臭氧層空洞的變化引起了相關區(qū)域氣壓的變化,，經過一系列傳導之后使得非洲南部的氣候變暖。這說明南極上空臭氧層空洞的影響不止局限于南極及其周邊海域,，還可以改變更廣大鄰近地區(qū)的氣候,。
在全球變暖的大背景下，此前曾有猜測認為溫室氣體是非洲南部氣候變暖的原因,，但此次研究沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者之間有很大的關聯(lián),。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Nature Communications doi:10.1038/ngeo1968
Link between Antarctic ozone depletion and summer warming over southern Africa
Desmond Manatsa，Yushi Morioka,，Swadhin K. Behera,，Toshi Yamagata & Caxton H. Matarira
The notable rise in surface air temperatures over southern Africa over the past two decades is thought to largely result from the human-induced increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations1， 2,， 3. In addition,， the loss of stratospheric ozone over Antarctica is thought to have had a significant impact on tropospheric circulation， and hence climate,， in the Southern Hemisphere summer4,， 5， 6,， 7， 8,， 9,， by favouring the positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode4， 10,， 11. Here,， we use reanalysis data to compare the climate of southern Africa before and after the development of the large ozone hole， and investigate possible links between the development of the Antarctic ozone hole and summer warming in the region,， defining 1970–1993 as the pre-ozone hole era,， and 1993–2011 as the large ozone hole era. We find that the ozone-induced shift in the polarity of the Southern Annular Mode after 1993 coincided with an intensification of the Angola Low， a continental low pressure system that normally develops in austral summer and is mostly located over Angola. We show that the deepening of this low pressure system,， in turn,， was associated with an increase in the flux of warm surface air from the lower latitudes to southern Africa. We suggest that the recent summer warming over southern Africa is linked to these shifts in atmospheric circulation that are probably induced by Antarctic ozone loss.
