樹上也許不會(huì)長出錢,,但是卻會(huì)有黃金——至少黃金能在樹葉里積累,。科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),,那些生長在深埋著金礦的土壤中的樹木,,葉片中的金元素濃度高出正常水平。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)提供了一個(gè)廉價(jià)的不用挖掘的方式,,來縮窄尋找礦藏的范圍,。
一直以來,科學(xué)家表示,,樹和其他植物能夠從土壤中吸收黃金,,并將其運(yùn)輸?shù)綐淙~中,但是這一觀點(diǎn)并非十分明確,。例如,,黃金微粒隨著塵土被吹到樹葉上后,能夠黏附在葉片上,。因此,,為了驗(yàn)證那些金元素來自于樹下土壤,研究人員進(jìn)行了一系列的田間研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn),。
在澳大利亞西部的一個(gè)研究點(diǎn),,科學(xué)家從生長在已知金礦上方的桉樹上收集了樹葉、細(xì)枝和樹皮,。這個(gè)金礦大約有足球場(chǎng)大小,,位于地下30米甚至更深處,但是,,按照目前的金價(jià)而言,,這個(gè)礦太小太分散,沒有挖掘的價(jià)值,。另外,,科學(xué)家還從生長在距金礦200米的樹上收集了相同的部分。
該研究小組成員,、澳大利亞聯(lián)邦科學(xué)與工業(yè)研究組織地球化學(xué)家Mel Lintern提到,,植物中的黃金本底濃度通常低于2ppb(十億分之一),而生長在金礦上的樹的干枯樹葉中的黃金濃度能高達(dá)80ppb,。同樣,,Lintern研究小組在澳大利亞南部的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)也顯示,,生長在地下約35米處存在金礦的土壤中的桉樹,其葉片上的金元素濃度,,比生長在800米外的桉樹葉片高20倍,。
另外,通過在溫室中培育幼苗,,研究人員使它們與空氣塵埃隔絕,,并用金溶液澆灌這些樹苗。研究人員證實(shí),,樹實(shí)際上是從土壤中吸收金屬,并最終沉積到葉片上,??茖W(xué)家將研究成果發(fā)表于《自然—通訊》上。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Nature Communications doi:10.1038/ncomms3614
Natural gold particles in Eucalyptus leaves and their relevance to exploration for buried gold deposits
Melvyn Lintern,,Ravi Anand,,Chris Ryan& David Paterson
Eucalyptus trees may translocate Au from mineral deposits and support the use of vegetation (biogeochemical) sampling in mineral exploration, particularly where thick sediments dominate. However,, biogeochemistry has not been routinely adopted partly because biotic mechanisms of Au migration are poorly understood. For example,, although Au has been previously measured in plant samples, there has been doubt as to whether it was truly absorbed rather than merely adsorbed on the plant surface as aeolian contamination. Here we show the first evidence of particulate Au within natural specimens of living biological tissue (not from laboratory experimentation). This observation conclusively demonstrates active biogeochemical adsorption of Au and provides insight into its behaviour in natural samples. The confirmation of biogeochemical adsorption of Au,, and of a link with abiotic processes,, promotes confidence in an emerging technique that may lead to future exploration success and maintain continuity of supply.