有些人似乎天生就容易罹患嚴(yán)重的憂郁癥，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)找出與之相關(guān)的染色體區(qū)域,。斯坦福大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的精神病學(xué)教授Douglas Levinson與其它研究人員揭開(kāi)了其中的真相,。
研究作者表示,，如果可以發(fā)現(xiàn)有關(guān)的基因突變,，將徹底打開(kāi)研究的大門(mén)，并且有助于找到治療的策略,。這項(xiàng)研究報(bào)告分成兩篇文章,，發(fā)表于二月號(hào)的American Journal of Psychiatry中。
Levinson的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)研究650個(gè)家族的憂郁癥發(fā)病情況,，發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)中至少有兩名重度憂郁癥患者患病時(shí)期,，是在兒童時(shí)期或成年早期。在第一項(xiàng)研究中,，研究者進(jìn)行全基因組掃描,，尋找家族中遺傳連鎖的證據(jù)。這項(xiàng)研究識(shí)別出了一些值得深入檢測(cè)的15號(hào)染色體區(qū)域,。
第二項(xiàng)研究依據(jù)前一篇研究的基礎(chǔ),，檢查重要的染色體可疑區(qū)域。在第一項(xiàng)研究中,，科學(xué)家們研究了6 個(gè)DNA標(biāo)記基因,，在第二項(xiàng)研究中又發(fā)現(xiàn)了88個(gè)基因。
研究人員通過(guò)研究雙胞胎和家族的憂郁癥模式,，發(fā)現(xiàn)憂郁癥確實(shí)受遺傳影響,。但是憂郁癥并非單一基因造成的，相反的,，很多基因的交互作用才會(huì)導(dǎo)致憂郁癥,。此外，研究人員表示,，環(huán)境因素似乎也與引發(fā)憂郁癥有關(guān),，例如非遺傳的生理問(wèn)題或心理創(chuàng)傷等。
(資料來(lái)源 : Bio.com)
英文原文摘要：
Genetics of Recurrent Early-Onset Major Depression (GenRED): Final Genome Scan Report
Peter Holmans, Ph.D., Myrna M. Weissman, Ph.D., George S. Zubenko, M.D., Ph.D., William A. Scheftner, M.D., Raymond R. Crowe, M.D., J. Raymond DePaulo Jr., , M.D., James A. Knowles, M.D., Ph.D., Wendy N. Zubenko, Ed.D., Kathleen Murphy-Eberenz, Ph.D., Diana H. Marta, M.S.N., Sandra Boutelle, M.S., Melvin G. McInnis, M.D., Philip Adams, Ph.D., Madeline Gladis, Ph.D., Jo Steele, B.A., Erin B. Miller, M.S., James B. Potash, M.D., M.P.H., Dean F. MacKinnon, M.D. and Douglas F. Levinson, M.D.
OBJECTIVE: The authors carried out a genomewide linkage scan to identify chromosomal regions likely to contain genes that contribute to susceptibility to recurrent early-onset major depressive disorder, the form of the disorder with the greatest reported risk to relatives of index cases. METHOD: Microsatellite DNA markers were studied in 656 families with two or more such cases (onset before age 31 in probands and age 41 in other relatives), including 1,494 informative "all possible" affected relative pairs (there were 894 independent affected sibling pairs). Analyses included a primary multipoint allele-sharing analysis (with ALLEGRO) and a secondary logistic regression analysis taking the sex of each relative pair into account (male-male, male-female, female-female). RESULTS: Genomewide suggestive evidence for linkage was observed on chromosome 15q25-q26 (at 105.4 centimorgans [cM]). The authors previously reported genomewide significant linkage in this region in the first 297 families. In the secondary analysis, after empirical genomewide correction for multiple testing, suggestive linkage results were observed on chromosome 17p12 (28.0 cM, excess sharing in male-male and male-female pairs) and on chromosome 8p22-p21.3 (25.1 cM, excess sharing in male-male pairs). CONCLUSIONS: These regions of chromosomes 15q, 17p, and 8p might contain genes that contribute to susceptibility to major depression and related disorders. Evidence for linkage has been reported independently in the same regions of chromosome 15q for major depression and of chromosome 8p for related personality traits.
原文出處：Am J Psychiatry 164:248-258, February 2007
