生物谷報(bào)道：2007年3月5日，布朗基金會人類疾病預(yù)防分子醫(yī)學(xué)研究所(IMM) --休斯敦德州大學(xué)健康科學(xué)中心的一部分--的分子科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種分化人類胚胎干細(xì)胞的新方法,，以這種方法他們制出了可移植的肺上皮細(xì)胞源,。這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)在IMM分子醫(yī)學(xué)教授Rick A. Wetsel博士的實(shí)驗(yàn)室中進(jìn)行，其結(jié)果發(fā)表在《the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)》雜志上,。文章的主要作者,，科學(xué)家王大春（Dachun Wang）博士說, “我們由人類胚胎干細(xì)胞得到了一些純的II型肺泡上皮細(xì)胞。”“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種借助遺傳選擇的可靠的分子方法,，它可以促進(jìn)人類胚胎干細(xì)胞分化成肺上皮細(xì)胞,。” Wetsel說，同時(shí)指出這個(gè)方法也可以用來培育其它類型的高分化細(xì)胞,。
IMM的科學(xué)家以這種方法在體外制出了肺上皮細(xì)胞（又名II型肺泡上皮細(xì)胞）,。這些細(xì)胞源自于美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院(NIH)批準(zhǔn)的人類胚胎干細(xì)胞系。這種方法用細(xì)胞特異性啟動(dòng)子控制的蛋白標(biāo)志物使未分化的人類胚胎干細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化成高分化細(xì)胞,。這種人類胚胎干細(xì)胞在特定包覆的培養(yǎng)皿中培養(yǎng)并以藥物篩選基因的肺上皮基因調(diào)控子轉(zhuǎn)染,。這是一種可以將人類胚胎干細(xì)胞培育成特定細(xì)胞的普遍技術(shù),，它將有助于開發(fā)出一個(gè)平臺，這個(gè)平臺將有助于培育脊髓細(xì)胞,、心臟細(xì)胞,、神經(jīng)細(xì)胞及其他細(xì)胞。
II型肺泡上皮細(xì)胞以其眾多的功能和用途而被稱為肺干細(xì)胞,，它們可以合成許多蛋白質(zhì),，包括使肺膨脹的表面活性劑。它可使其他細(xì)胞排列在肺的內(nèi)部,，它們調(diào)節(jié)肺內(nèi)流體和氧氣水平,，這些細(xì)胞是小肺部泡囊的一部分，小肺部泡囊（又稱肺泡）排列在下呼吸道內(nèi),。這層薄組織將氧氣轉(zhuǎn)送入血,，并將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)送出去?？梢浦睮I型肺泡上皮細(xì)胞可用于探索治療肺基因病,、肺獲得性疾病、由車禍,、中槍引起的肺損傷及運(yùn)動(dòng)引起的創(chuàng)傷,。這些細(xì)胞有用于再生性肺修復(fù)的潛能。
原文出處：
PNAS
Dachun Wang, David L. Haviland, Alan R. Burns, Eva Zsigmond, and Rick A. Wetsel
A pure population of lung alveolar epithelial type II cells derived from human embryonic stem cells
PNAS published March 2, 2007, 10.1073/pnas.0700052104
Abstract PDF
作者簡介
Rick A. Wetsel, Ph.D.
1982, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
UT-Houston Institute of Molecular Medicine
Center for Immunology and Autoimmune Diseases
Biographical Sketch
Research Interests: Complement; inflammation; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled proinflammatory receptors; chemokines; transgenic/knockout murine models; molecular genetics of inherited immunodeficiencies
The research in my laboratory is directed at delineating molecular mechanisms that mediate the inflammatory response as well as those that cause immune-dysfunction. Presently, our studies involve four areas of investigation; 1) receptor-mediated chemotaxis and adhesion of inflammatory cells; 2) molecular regulation of the inflammatory response; 3) molecular genetic basis of immune deficiencies; and 4) development and study of murine models of human autoimmune diseases. Many of these investigations involve studies of the complement system.
A tutorial in my laboratory would provide experience in molecular research in immunology and inflammation using modern techniques of molecular biology, cell biology, protein chemistry, and transgenic/knockout technology.
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Wetsel RA (1995) Structure, function, and cellular expression of the complement anaphylatoxin receptors. Curr Opin Immunol 7:48-53.
Wetsel RA, Kulics J, Lokki M-J, Kiepiela P, Akama H, Johnson CAC, Denson P, Colten HR (1996) Type II human complement C2 deficiency: Allele-specific amino acid substitutions (Ser 189 to Phe; Gly444 to Arg) cause impaired C2 secretion. J Biol Chem 271: 5824-5831.
Haviland DL, McCoy Rl, Whitehead WT, Akama H, Molmenti EP, Brown A, Parks WC, Perlmutter DH, Wetsel RA (1995) Cellular expression of the C5a anaphylatoxin receptor (C5aR): Demonstration of C5aR on nonmyeloid cells of the liver and lung. J Immunol 154:1861-1869.
Program Affiliations:
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Program in Immunology
