生物谷報道：2007年3月5日,，布朗基金會人類疾病預(yù)防分子醫(yī)學(xué)研究所(IMM) --休斯敦德州大學(xué)健康科學(xué)中心的一部分--的分子科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種分化人類胚胎干細胞的新方法，以這種方法他們制出了可移植的肺上皮細胞源,。這項試驗在IMM分子醫(yī)學(xué)教授Rick A. Wetsel博士的實驗室中進行，其結(jié)果發(fā)表在《the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)》雜志上,。文章的主要作者,，科學(xué)家王大春（Dachun Wang）博士說, “我們由人類胚胎干細胞得到了一些純的II型肺泡上皮細胞。”“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種借助遺傳選擇的可靠的分子方法,，它可以促進人類胚胎干細胞分化成肺上皮細胞,。” Wetsel說，同時指出這個方法也可以用來培育其它類型的高分化細胞,。
IMM的科學(xué)家以這種方法在體外制出了肺上皮細胞（又名II型肺泡上皮細胞）,。這些細胞源自于美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院(NIH)批準的人類胚胎干細胞系。這種方法用細胞特異性啟動子控制的蛋白標志物使未分化的人類胚胎干細胞轉(zhuǎn)化成高分化細胞,。這種人類胚胎干細胞在特定包覆的培養(yǎng)皿中培養(yǎng)并以藥物篩選基因的肺上皮基因調(diào)控子轉(zhuǎn)染,。這是一種可以將人類胚胎干細胞培育成特定細胞的普遍技術(shù)，它將有助于開發(fā)出一個平臺,，這個平臺將有助于培育脊髓細胞,、心臟細胞、神經(jīng)細胞及其他細胞,。
II型肺泡上皮細胞以其眾多的功能和用途而被稱為肺干細胞,，它們可以合成許多蛋白質(zhì)，包括使肺膨脹的表面活性劑,。它可使其他細胞排列在肺的內(nèi)部,，它們調(diào)節(jié)肺內(nèi)流體和氧氣水平，這些細胞是小肺部泡囊的一部分,，小肺部泡囊（又稱肺泡）排列在下呼吸道內(nèi),。這層薄組織將氧氣轉(zhuǎn)送入血，并將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)送出去,?？梢浦睮I型肺泡上皮細胞可用于探索治療肺基因病、肺獲得性疾病,、由車禍,、中槍引起的肺損傷及運動引起的創(chuàng)傷。這些細胞有用于再生性肺修復(fù)的潛能,。
原文出處：
PNAS
Dachun Wang, David L. Haviland, Alan R. Burns, Eva Zsigmond, and Rick A. Wetsel
A pure population of lung alveolar epithelial type II cells derived from human embryonic stem cells
PNAS published March 2, 2007, 10.1073/pnas.0700052104
Abstract PDF
作者簡介
Rick A. Wetsel, Ph.D.
1982, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
UT-Houston Institute of Molecular Medicine
Center for Immunology and Autoimmune Diseases
Biographical Sketch
Research Interests: Complement; inflammation; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled proinflammatory receptors; chemokines; transgenic/knockout murine models; molecular genetics of inherited immunodeficiencies
The research in my laboratory is directed at delineating molecular mechanisms that mediate the inflammatory response as well as those that cause immune-dysfunction. Presently, our studies involve four areas of investigation; 1) receptor-mediated chemotaxis and adhesion of inflammatory cells; 2) molecular regulation of the inflammatory response; 3) molecular genetic basis of immune deficiencies; and 4) development and study of murine models of human autoimmune diseases. Many of these investigations involve studies of the complement system.
A tutorial in my laboratory would provide experience in molecular research in immunology and inflammation using modern techniques of molecular biology, cell biology, protein chemistry, and transgenic/knockout technology.
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Wetsel RA (1995) Structure, function, and cellular expression of the complement anaphylatoxin receptors. Curr Opin Immunol 7:48-53.
Wetsel RA, Kulics J, Lokki M-J, Kiepiela P, Akama H, Johnson CAC, Denson P, Colten HR (1996) Type II human complement C2 deficiency: Allele-specific amino acid substitutions (Ser 189 to Phe; Gly444 to Arg) cause impaired C2 secretion. J Biol Chem 271: 5824-5831.
Haviland DL, McCoy Rl, Whitehead WT, Akama H, Molmenti EP, Brown A, Parks WC, Perlmutter DH, Wetsel RA (1995) Cellular expression of the C5a anaphylatoxin receptor (C5aR): Demonstration of C5aR on nonmyeloid cells of the liver and lung. J Immunol 154:1861-1869.
Program Affiliations:
Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Program in Immunology
