灰霉菌（Botrytis cinerea）是園丁的最大敵人之一,，因?yàn)樗梢詺囊幌盗兄参?。它引起的灰霉病能夠影?00多種觀賞性和重要農(nóng)藝植物品種，包括土豆,、番茄和辣椒,?；颐鼓芊置赽otrydial和botcinic acid等植物毒素,。殺滅灰霉菌的唯一方法就是在植物上噴灑昂貴且對(duì)人體和環(huán)境有害的殺真菌劑。美國的Brown大學(xué),，西班牙Cadiz大學(xué)和法國國家農(nóng)業(yè)研究所已經(jīng)揭示了這種病菌的致命毒素如何形成并如何自然消除,。
由Muriel Viaud和David Cane帶領(lǐng)的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)鑒定出5種基因與殺死并入侵植物細(xì)胞的毒素botrydial的產(chǎn)生有關(guān)。引入一種變異的基因可以抑制負(fù)責(zé)產(chǎn)生botrydial的倍半萜烯環(huán)化酶的功能,。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可以使科學(xué)家設(shè)計(jì)出不用殺真菌劑控制灰霉的方法,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
ACS Chem. Biol., 2008, 3 (12), pp 791–801 DOI: 10.1021/cb800225v
Sesquiterpene Synthase from the Botrydial Biosynthetic Gene Cluster of the Phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea
Cristina Pinedo, Chieh-Mei Wang, Jean-Marc Pradier, Be?renge?re Dalmai, Mathias Choquer, Pascal Le Pe?cheur, Guillaume Morgant, Isidro G. Collado, David E. Cane?* and Muriel Viaud
? Departamento de Qui?mica Orga?nica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Ca?diz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain ? Department of Chemistry, Box H, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9108 § UMR BIOGER, INRA, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78086 Versailles, France
The fungus Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of the economically important gray mold disease that affects more than 200 ornamental and agriculturally important plant species. B. cinerea is a necrotrophic plant pathogen that secretes nonspecific phytotoxins, including the sesquiterpene botrydial and the polyketide botcinic acid. The region surrounding the previously characterized BcBOT1 gene has now been identified as the botrydial biosynthetic gene cluster. Five genes including BcBOT1 and BcBOT2 were shown by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to be co-regulated through the calcineurin signaling pathway. Inactivation of the BcBOT2 gene, encoding a putative sesquiterpene cyclase, abolished botrydial biosynthesis, which could be restored by in trans complementation. Inactivation of BcBOT2 also resulted in overproduction of botcinic acid that was observed to be strain-dependent. Recombinant BcBOT2 protein converted farnesyl diphosphate to the parent sesquiterpene of the botrydial biosynthetic pathway, the tricyclic alcohol presilphiperfolan-8β-ol.
